Media Ilmiah Teknik Lingkungan (MITL)

The Effect of Adding Chitosan as a Commercial Coagulant Aid in Reducing Microplastics in Leachate

Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Leachate from the final processing site (TPA) has the potential to pollute the environment because it contains organic compounds, suspended solids, and microplastics. This study aims to analyze the effect of varying doses of polyaluminum chloride (PAC) coagulant and chitosan on the reduction of microplastics, COD, and TSS in leachate from the Randegan landfill. The method used was coagulation-flocculation with a jar test. The results showed that varying doses and combinations of coagulants affected the effectiveness of treatment. The combination of PAC and chitosan at the optimum dosage was able to reduce microplastics by 78%, COD by 86%, and TSS by 91%. The reduction in microplastics occurred through the mechanisms of charge neutralization, adsorption, and sweep flocculation. The combination of PAC and chitosan has the potential to be applied as an effective and sustainable leachate treatment method.

Effect of Eco-Enzyme Dosage Variations in an Intermittent MBBR System on the Efficiency of Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Adinda Permata Salsabila, Praditya Sigit Ardisty Sitogasa — Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to analyze the effect of a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) operated under oxic–anoxic conditions with the addition of an external carbon source in the form of eco-enzyme during the anoxic phase on the reduction of COD and BOD concentrations in domestic wastewater. The investigated variables included oxic–anoxic duration ratios (2:1, 4:1, and 6:1) within an 8-hour operational cycle and eco-enzyme dosages (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%). The results showed that at an oxic–anoxic ratio of 6:1, the addition of 1.5% eco-enzyme achieved COD removal efficiency of up to 87%, while a 2% dosage resulted in BOD removal efficiency of 89%. These findings indicate that the appropriate eco-enzyme dosage enhances the biodegradation of organic compounds and supports biological organic removal in the intermittent MBBR system by creating optimal reactor environmental conditions.

Identification of Critical Land Using GIS for Flood Control Efforts in Bireuen Regency

Cut Ayu Lizar, Halus Satriawan, Cut Azizah, Maysa Fitri — Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Flooding is an environmental problem that frequently occurs in Bireuen Regency and is influenced by physical land conditions and land degradation. Changes in land use, slope, land function, and erosion hazard levels can reduce the hydrological function of land and increase surface runoff. This study aims to identify and map land criticality using a Geographic Information System (GIS) as a supporting effort for flood control in Bireuen Regency. The research method was conducted through spatial analysis using an overlay technique of several parameters causing land criticality, including land cover, slope, land function, and erosion hazard level. The results show that Bireuen Regency is classified into five levels of land criticality: non-critical, potentially critical, moderately critical, critical, and very critical. Moderately critical land dominates the study area, covering 71,399.60 ha. Non-critical and potentially critical lands cover 44,275.03 ha and 36,130.94 ha, respectively. Meanwhile, critical and very critical lands cover 24,686.63 ha and 2,639.78 ha, generally distributed in areas with steep slopes and high erosion hazard levels. The identification of critical land is expected to serve as a basis for prioritizing land rehabilitation and flood control planning in Bireuen Regency.Flooding is an environmental problem that frequently occurs in Bireuen Regency and is influenced by physical land conditions and land degradation. Changes in land use, slope, land function, and erosion hazard levels can reduce the hydrological function of land and increase surface runoff. This study aims to identify and map land criticality using a Geographic Information System (GIS) as a supporting effort for flood control in Bireuen Regency. The research method was conducted through spatial analysis using an overlay technique of several parameters causing land criticality, including land cover, slope, land function, and erosion hazard level. The results show that Bireuen Regency is classified into five levels of land criticality: non-critical, potentially critical, moderately critical, critical, and very critical. Moderately critical land dominates the study area, covering 71,399.60 ha. Non-critical and potentially critical lands cover 44,275.03 ha and 36,130.94 ha, respectively. Meanwhile, critical and very critical lands cover 24,686.63 ha and 2,639.78 ha, generally distributed in areas with steep slopes and high erosion hazard levels. The identification of critical land is expected to serve as a basis for prioritizing land rehabilitation and flood control planning in Bireuen Regency.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Oil and Gas Industrial Wastewater Treatment: A Case Study of PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU III Palembang

Dewi Indriani, Prabowo Eka Soesanta, Subekti Nurmawati — Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Wastewater treatment in the oil and gas industry plays an important role in meeting environmental quality standards and preventing pollution. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of wastewater treatment at PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU III Palembang through a comparison of influent and effluent quality. The parameters analyzed include ammonia, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), sulfide, pH, and oil and fat. The study used a quantitative approach with paired comparative analysis based on 12 months of operational data. The normality test using Kolmogorov–Smirnov showed that some of the data showed a normal distribution so that hypothesis testing was continued using a paired t-test at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The results showed an effective reduction of 58.97% (ammonia), 28.34% (BOD), 37.51% (COD), and 56.81% (oil and fat), while sulfide was relatively low (22.02%) and pH tended to be stable (-0.81%). The results of the paired t-test showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between influent and effluent concentrations in the main parameters, indicating that the wastewater treatment system was working effectively. However, the suboptimal effectiveness of several parameters indicated the need for optimization of the treatment process.

Analysis of Small-Scale Tofu Industry Wastewater Characteristics for Optimal Wastewater Treatment

Sethiavi Rizki, Wilma Nurrul Adzillah, Zulfa Amala — Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Small-scale tofu industries have the potential to pollute the environment with the liquid waste generated during the tofu-making process. Liquid waste from the tofu industry has COD and BOD concentrations of up to 9,308 mg/L and 3,191 mg/L, respectively, which exceed the quality standards set forth in Ministry of Environment Regulation No. 5 of 2014. This study aims to identify and analyze the characteristics of liquid waste in the tofu industry to determine the appropriate treatment method based on the BOD/COD ratio. The research was conducted by collecting samples using the grab sampling method, followed by an analysis of the results of the waste characteristic tests. Based on the research results, it was found that one of the liquid wastes from the tofu industry in Karawang Regency had COD and BOD values of 6,062.5 mg/L and 570.5 mg/L, respectively, with a BOD/COD ratio of 0.09. These conditions prevent the direct application of biological treatment and necessitate pre-treatment in the form of physical or chemical treatment combined with biological treatment, such as wastewater treatment using filtration and constructed wetlands.

Analysis Of Physical And Chemical Parameters Of Citarum River Water Quality In Karawang Regency

Varrel Adha Putra Sentono, Kania Ratnawati, Zalfa Alya Najibah — Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0700

In industrialized era, river pollution has become a significant concern. This is due to the disposal of waste into the river and the resulting pollution of the Citarum River, which has a significant negative impact on aquatic life and the activities of communities that use its water. Water quality identify as the conformity of water quality to the river class as outlined in Government Regulation Number 22 from 2021 regarding the execution of environmental safeguarding and administration. This research was conducted to assess the water quality of the Citarum River by examining several parameters: TDS, TSS, pH, BOD, COD, DO, Nitrate, and Phosphate. The research was conducted on January 29, 2021, for 12 times. This research was conducted in the Citarum River around Karawang Regency, with five sampling points divided into five stations. The sampling results, based on the test parameters, indicated that the pollution of the Citarum River requires better management measures to improve its water quality. Efforts to reduce industrial waste and unsustainable agricultural practices are essential to maintain the cleanliness of the Citarum River and maintain environmental sustainability.

Bioprocessing of Coconut Shell, Coffee Grounds, and Peat Fiber Wastes for Renewable Energy Production

Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The increase in global energy demand and the accumulation of organic waste drive the need to utilize biomass as a renewable alternative energy. This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics, specifically moisture content and ash content, of biochar made from coconut shells, coffee grounds, and peat fiber based on the commercial briquette quality standard SNI 01-6235-2000. The methodological stages used include the carbonization (pyrolysis) process, particle size reduction, dough formulation using starch and lime binders, molding, and drying. The analysis results indicate that coffee grounds and coconut shells have the lowest average ash contents, successfully meeting the maximum SNI limit (≤8%) and making them highly feasible to be substituted as energy briquettes. Conversely, peat fiber produces a high ash content residue, making it less efficient as a fuel, but highly prospective to be repurposed as biochar (soil conditioner) in the agricultural sector. All initial biomass samples recorded a high moisture content, necessitating the optimization of post-molding thermal drying to meet the standard.

Evaluation of Preventive Operational Control in Maintaining Treated Water Turbidity Stability at SPAM Katulampa, Bogor City

Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Treated water turbidity stability is an important indicator of operational reliability in surface-water-based drinking water treatment plants. This study evaluated preventive operational control at SPAM Katulampa, Bogor City, using daily operational data from 10 February to 10 March 2026 and field observations. The evaluated parameters included raw and treated water turbidity, raw water flow rate, turbidity removal efficiency, and preventive control practices in each treatment unit. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the coefficient of variation, followed by development of a preventive operational control matrix. Raw water turbidity fluctuated markedly, with an average of 58.83 NTU, a range of 12.00–262.98 NTU, and a coefficient of variation of 88.49%. In contrast, treated water turbidity remained stable, averaging 0.61 NTU with a range of 0.52–0.91 NTU and a coefficient of variation of 16.83%, consistently meeting the 3 NTU drinking water standard. Stability was supported by integrated controls at the intake, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, reservoir, and overall operation stages. Key measures included screening, coagulation control, sludge draining, filter backwashing, media maintenance, and final water quality verification. The findings confirm that stable treated water quality results from coordinated preventive control across the treatment train.