Media Ilmiah Teknik Sipil

Pengaruh Perendaman Kayu Galam Menggunakan Variasi Air pH <7 Terhadap Kuat Tekan

Lilis Indriani, Amirsyah — Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Galam wood is a type of local wood widely used in construction, particularly in swampy areas and soft soil conditions. Wood durability is influenced by several factors, including wood species, wood condition, preservation method, and the preservative material used. Based on these considerations, this study applied a soaking method using variations of water pH, particularly water with pH < 7, to determine its effect on the mechanical properties of galam wood. This study aims to analyze the effect of soaking galam wood using variations of water pH on the compressive strength of wood parallel and perpendicular to the grain. In addition, this study examines the relationship between density and deflection of galam wood after the soaking process. The results showed that the compressive strength parallel to the grain under the condition of soaking in water with pH = 7 was 389.1 kg/cm², showing a decrease of 37.2% compared to other samples. Meanwhile, the compressive strength perpendicular to the grain under the condition of soaking in water with pH < 7 was 390 kg/cm², showing an increase of 36.00%. The highest density of wood soaked in water with pH < 7 was 2.476 kg/cm³ for the direction parallel to the grain and 2.576 kg/cm³ for the direction perpendicular to the grain. The highest deflection also occurred in wood soaked in water with pH < 7, reaching 5.00 cm parallel to the grain and 4.60 cm perpendicular to the grain. Therefore, soaking galam wood in water with pH < 7 affects the increase in compressive strength, density, and deflection of galam wood.

Evaluasi Penerapan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (SMK3) Pada Proyek Infrastruktur Pedesaan di Nusa Tenggara Timur (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Kupang)

Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Rural infrastructure development in underdeveloped, frontier, and outermost (3T) regions such as East Nusa Tenggara faces serious challenges in implementing an Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3). This study aims to develop a Community-Based Adaptive SMK3 Model for micro-scale construction projects in Kupang Regency. Using a mixed methods approach and sequential explanatory design with 100 workers, it was found that initial SMK3 compliance was only 8.6%, with a 91.4% gap from national standards, influenced by structural, operational, and cultural factors. A three-round Delphi method with 10 panelists resulted in strong consensus (Kendall's W = 0.947) on six key indicators: PPE use, briefings, hazard visualization, emergency facilities, integration of local wisdom, and incident recording. An eight-week trial demonstrated significant improvements: OSH understanding increased by 41.6% and compliance increased to 86.1% (p<0.001). The model achieved TKT 6 with an implementation cost of IDR 3.3 million per project and produced a practical toolkit. In conclusion, this model is effective, contextual, and economical in improving occupational safety and supporting inclusive OSH policies in the 3T (Underdeveloped, Disadvantaged Regions) regions.

Analisis Perbandingan Desain dan Respon Struktural Perkerasan Lentur Berdasarkan Metode Bina Marga 2017 dan AASHTO 1993

Ayu Rizka Anggraini, Emil Padila, Ardystia Maha Sari, Faizatus Sholikhah — Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The Indonesian government must support road development to ensure public safety, comfort, and economic efficiency. This study designs the flexible pavement thickness for the Primary Collector Road 1 section of Betungan–Padang Serai, Bengkulu City, with a total length of 5.41 km, using the Bina Marga 2017 Method and compares it with the AASHTO 1993 Method. Primary data were obtained through direct field observations, while secondary data were collected from the Bengkulu National Road Implementation Agency and the National Road Planning and Supervision Work Unit of Bengkulu Province. The pavement design based on the Bina Marga 2017 Method resulted in a thickness of 4 cm for AC-WC, 6 cm for AC-BC, 16 cm for AC-Base, and 30 cm for Class A aggregate base. Meanwhile, the AASHTO 1993 Method produced a pavement structure consisting of a 15 cm Laston-MS surface layer, a 15 cm crushed stone Class A base layer, and a 15 cm Class A gravel subbase. Mechanistic analysis using KENPAVE indicates that the stress and strain values from the AASHTO 1993 design are higher than those from the Bina Marga 2017 design, suggesting that the AASHTO design is more conservative. Based on the Asphalt Institute approach, the Bina Marga 2017 design demonstrates higher fatigue life and deformation resistance, making it more efficient and better suited to the material and traffic conditions in Bengkulu City.

Analisis Kesiapan Kontraktor Dalam Mengimplementasikan Green Building Pada Bangunan Gedung di Jakarta

Dimas Andriyanto, Pio Ranap Tua Naibaho, Bambang Priambodo — Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Responding to the critical issues of global warming and the continuous increase in energy demand, this empirical study systematically analyzes the current readiness of construction contractors operating in Jakarta regarding the implementation of the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) green building standard. Utilizing a comprehensive quantitative approach through the distribution of structured questionnaires to 50 active executing contractors, the analysis is specifically focused on evaluating four main dimensional aspects: core knowledge, organizational readiness, human resource (HR) capability readiness, and technical-operational readiness. The empirical results of this study indicate that the contractors' overall level of knowledge regarding the basic concepts and benefits of LEED falls into the moderate category (with a calculated average score of 2.92), highlighting that technical and administrative understanding still requires substantial improvement. Organizational readiness is classified as fairly good (achieving an average score of 3.16), yet it faces significant constraints regarding budget availability and the lack of a comprehensive database for eco-friendly material suppliers. Human resources show high readiness (attainting a higher average score of 3.39), which is strongly driven by a positive willingness to learn and strong procedural awareness, although specific problem-identification skills still need to be honed. Meanwhile, technical-operational readiness is positioned in the fairly good category (with an average score of 3.19), where the main issue revolves around the availability of specialized work equipment that meets strict LEED standards. In conclusion, these findings clearly indicate an urgent need for enhanced technical understanding, reinforcement of internal corporate policies and financial budgets, as well as systematic infrastructure optimization by contractors to support the effective, long-term adoption of LEED green buildings across Jakarta.

Studi Eksperimental Pengaruh Variasi Metode Perawatan Terhadap Mutu Beton Normal Menggunakan Agregat Quarry Benanain

Deasi D. A. A. Daud, Priska G. Nahak, Anastasia H. Muda, Anie A. Tuati — Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Variations in curing methods can affect the level of cement hydration, which directly influences the compressive strength of concrete as the main parameter of concrete quality. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the most effective curing method to improve the quality of normal concrete. This study aims to analyze the effect of curing method variations on the compressive strength of normal concrete using aggregates from the Benanain Quarry. The method used is a laboratory experiment with concrete mix design based on SNI 03-2834-2000. Cylindrical specimens were cured using three methods: water immersion, outdoor curing with water spraying, and curing using wet burlap covering for 28 days. Compressive strength testing was conducted at the age of 28 days for each curing method. The results show that the immersion method produced the highest compressive strength of 22.56 MPa, followed by the burlap method at 20.95 MPa, and the outdoor curing method at 18.17 MPa. These results indicate that variations in curing methods significantly affect the quality of normal concrete. Therefore, the analysis shows that water immersion is the most effective method in improving concrete compressive strength.

Model Keputusan Terpadu Berbasis Risiko dan Akuntabilitas Data untuk Kebijakan Preservasi Jalan Nasional: Integrasi Prediksi IRI-PCI, Earned Value Management, dan Unit Cost IRMS Pada Koridor Makassar-Parepare

Hary Styaji, Mohamad Sobirin — Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Indonesia's national road management remains heavily reactive: segments are typically left to deteriorate until damage becomes visually evident before entering the maintenance program. This study proposes an integrated decision model linking road condition prediction, risk mapping, project performance, and data governance for the 155-km Makassar–Parepare national road corridor. Unlike prior analyses of the same dataset, which focused solely on correlation testing and regression, this study treats those statistical results as inputs to a comprehensive decision framework encompassing a technical-traffic-climate-budget-execution risk map, the relationship between road condition indicators and Ministerial Regulation No. 4/2023 on road functional eligibility, a strategy for strengthening the Pavement Management System (PMS) database, budget accountability mechanisms, and a five-stage implementation roadmap for BBPJN Sulawesi. The analysis draws on 26,818 observation segments (2020–2024), revealing a Pearson correlation of r = –0.2710 (p < 0.001) between IRI and PCI, and r = +0.1898 (p < 0.001) between IRI and AADT, alongside multiple regression models yielding R² = 0.1110 (IRI) and R² = 0.1053 (PCI). An Earned Value Management (EVM) evaluation of 50 projects worth IDR 65.08 billion shows an average CPI of 0.9758 and SPI of 0.9435. Findings indicate that execution risk, not physical deterioration risk alone, determines whether sound technical priorities translate into improved road conditions. The proposed integrated decision model comprises five stages—data integration, priority dashboarding, annual model calibration, IRMS-based budgeting, and EVM control—with an estimated 15–20% budget efficiency potential through preventive maintenance on segments with IRI 6–8 m/km, ahead of costlier reconstruction demand priced at IDR 1,923,900/m².

Perencanaan Fasilitas Pejalan Kaki di Jalan Ahmad Yani Kota Banjarmasin

Mulyadi, Muhammad Hazairin — Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

In general, the city of Banjarmasin has a well-developed road network and good accessibility, with most roads still capable of accommodating traffic flow effectively. Ahmad Yani Street, located in the city’s commercial and office district, experiences relatively high traffic volumes based on field observations. Therefore, improving pedestrian facilities is essential because pedestrians should receive the highest priority in mixed traffic conditions. The inadequacy of existing pedestrian infrastructure is mainly caused by the lack of planning approaches that consider environmental characteristics, pedestrian behaviour, and user preferences. Furthermore, pedestrian infrastructure development is constrained by limited road right-of-way, forcing pedestrians to share road space with motor vehicles. This situation increases the likelihood of conflicts, reducing pedestrian safety and overall traffic efficiency. To evaluate these issues, this study employs three analytical methods: Pedestrian Facility Service Level Analysis, Pedestrian Facility Needs Level Analysis, and Walkability Index Assessment Analysis. The findings recommend improvements to pedestrian facilities, including sidewalks and crossing facilities, to create a safer, more comfortable, efficient, and accessible walking environment. These improvements are expected to minimize conflicts between pedestrians and vehicles, enhance mobility, support smoother traffic operations, and encourage greater use of pedestrian infrastructure in daily activities.

Analisis Penerapan Prototipe Pelaksanaan Konstruksi Bangunan Gedung Studi Kasus Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Madrasah

Samsul Arifin, Pio Ranap Tua Naibaho — Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The development of Madrasah Learning Classrooms (RKB) through the State Sharia Securities (SBSN)-funded program represents a strategic initiative to enhance the quality of Islamic education in Indonesia. However, the implementation of RKB construction projects continues to face challenges, including schedule delays, cost overruns, and inconsistencies in construction quality. This study investigates the effect of prototype implementation on time efficiency, cost efficiency, and construction quality in RKB building projects. A quantitative research design was employed, using questionnaire data collected from 137 respondents directly involved in the planning and implementation of RKB construction. The respondents included Heads of Work Units, Commitment-Making Officials, Heads of Provincial Infrastructure and Facilities Teams, and relevant personnel responsible for madrasah infrastructure and facilities. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The findings reveal that prototype implementation has a positive and statistically significant effect on time efficiency (coefficient = 0,770; p = 0,000), cost efficiency (coefficient = 0,637; p = 0,000), and construction quality improvement (coefficient = 0,762; p = 0,000). These findings suggest that the use of standardized prototypes can improve design clarity, reduce revisions and material waste, strengthen coordination, and promote consistency in construction quality. Therefore, prototype implementation offers an effective approach to improving the performance of RKB construction projects through greater efficiency, standardization, and quality assurance.

Analisis Efisiensi Struktural Gedung Poltekkes Mataram Melalui Penerapan Balok Tirus

Hairul Fahmi, Hariyadi, Adryan Fitrayudha — Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Multi-story buildings in seismic-prone regions require material efficiency without compromising safety. Prismatic beams are often inefficient as they do not follow bending moment distributions. This study evaluates the effect of tapered beams on the material efficiency and structural performance of the Poltekkes Mataram Building, which uses a dual system (SMRF and shear walls). Quantitative analysis was conducted using ETABS v22 comparing Model A (prismatic) and Model B (tapered) based on SNI 1726:2019, SNI 1727:2020, and SNI 2847:2019. Evaluated parameters included concrete volume, weight, base shear, drift, and natural period. Results show that tapered beams reduced beam concrete volume by 111.11 m³ (13.61%) and total weight by 2,666.64 kN (4.06%), lowering base shear by 3.09% in both directions. Interstory drift remained below the 42 mm limit, and the natural period was unchanged. Therefore, tapered beams effectively improve material efficiency and reduce seismic forces without compromising global structural performance, making them a viable alternative for reinforced concrete design in seismic-prone areas.

Evaluasi Kesesuaian Tata Letak Bangunan dengan Batas Ruang Milik Jalan di Kelurahan Pasir Panjang Kota Kupang

Ambrosius Raha Lelang Wayan, Yacob Victor Hayer, Maria Anggreni Dos Santos — Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to evaluate the conformity of building layouts with the Road Right-of-Way (Rumija) boundaries in Pasir Panjang Subdistrict, Kupang City. The evaluation was carried out using two observation methods, namely aerial mapping with a drone (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/UAV) and terrestrial surveying using a Total Station. The UAV method was used to obtain high-resolution aerial imagery, which was then analyzed photogrammetrically, while the Total Station was used to acquire detailed coordinate data in the field. The results show that out of 88 buildings observed using the drone, 73 buildings (82.95%) do not comply with the Rumija boundary regulations. Meanwhile, measurements using the Total Station indicate that out of 97 buildings observed, 79 buildings (81.44%) violate the Rumija boundary. The comparison of the two methods demonstrates a relatively high level of consistency, indicating that UAV technology can serve as an efficient alternative for evaluating building layout compliance with road right-of-way boundaries. This study is expected to provide a basis for local government in planning and supervising urban spatial management more effectively.

Analisis Pemakaian Bahan Kimia Pada Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum PT. Moya Bekasi Jaya Khususnya Biaya Bahan Kimia Koagulan (Studi Kasus IPA PT. MBJ, Kec. Cikarang Selatan, Kab. Bekasi)

Rahadian Sutisnawidjaya, Simon Sembiring — Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Clean water is a basic necessity that plays a vital role in maintaining public health and supporting various life activities. To meet the demand for clean water in the Cikarang region and its surroundings, Perumda Tirta Bhagasasi collaborates with the private sector through the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) of PT Moya Bekasi Jaya (MBJ), which utilizes raw water from the Tarum Barat Canal. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using Aluminum Sulfate (Alum) and Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) coagulants based on raw water quality, treatment results, and operational cost efficiency. The research methods include collecting primary and secondary data for the period of January–December 2025, analyzing laboratory test results (jar tests), evaluating the optimum coagulant dosage based on turbidity and pH parameters, and analyzing operational cost efficiency. The relationship between raw water turbidity and coagulant dosage was analyzed using linear regression. The results showed a strong correlation between raw water turbidity and the required coagulant dosage, with a coefficient of determination (R^2) of 0.9218 for Alum and 0.9507 for PAC. The jar test results indicated that PAC performed better than Alum when raw water turbidity exceeded 228.49 NTU. The efficiency of PAC usage became more evident at raw water turbidity levels above 300 NTU, with PAC being 4.7% more cost-effective, saving IDR 5.88/m³. Based on the research findings, PAC 8% is recommended as a more effective and efficient coagulant for high raw water turbidity conditions, while Alum 8% remains feasible for low to moderate turbidity levels to optimize water treatment operational costs.

Evaluasi Saluran Drainase Auditorium, CH, Rektorat, Perpustakaan dan Gedung Perkuliahan Universitas Andalas Menggunakan Software EPA-SWMM V5.1 (Strom Water Management Model)

Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Universitas Andalas is located in West Sumatra Province, precisely in Padang City, and has lecture buildings, an auditorium, a convention hall, and other facilities. Universitas Andalas has a different rainfall cycle compared to surrounding areas because it is located in a highland area. Therefore, the existing drainage system needs special attention to prevent flooding and water ponding during the rainy season. This study uses EPA Storm Water Management Model to evaluate the existing drainage channels. The method used is the arithmetic method with 20 years of rainfall data obtained from Batu Busuk and Ladang Padi stations. The rainfall distribution used is the normal distribution with Chi-Square and Smirnov-Kolmogorov goodness-of-fit tests. Field observations showed drainage channels covered by vegetation, asymmetric channel dimensions, and channels that no longer function properly. The study area covers 20 hectares, consisting of 10 subcatchments, 31 junctions, 30 conduits, and 2 outfalls. Simulation results indicated overflow at junction J13; however, after evaluating and improving the channel dimensions, no overflow occurred at that point.

Perhitungan Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja Pasangan Dinding Bata Pada Proyek Perumahan di Kota Banjarmasin

Tezar Aulia Rachman, Hendra Cahyadi, Akhmad Gazali, Eriko Mahendra, Suriansyah — Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Labor productivity is a crucial factor influencing the success of construction projects regarding cost, schedule, and work quality. This study aims to analyze labor productivity for red brick masonry and wall plastering tasks in a Banjarmasin housing project, compare productivity levels between morning and afternoon shifts, and evaluate the results against the 2026 Unit Price Analysis (AHSP) standards. A time study method—involving direct observation of labor activities—was employed to determine standard times and productivity rates. Primary data were collected through field surveys conducted between May and June 2026. The results indicate that brick masonry productivity was 0.899 m²/man-hour in the morning and 0.811 m²/man-hour in the afternoon, representing a 9.789% decrease. For brick wall plastering, productivity was 0.854 m²/man-hour in the morning and 0.816 m²/man-hour in the afternoon, a decrease of 4.450%. Given the AHSP 2026 standard of 0.768 m²/man-hour, field productivity for brick masonry was 5.597%–17.041% higher, while plastering productivity was 6.192%–11.242% higher than the standard. The findings demonstrate that the time of day influences labor productivity, with morning productivity levels exceeding those observed in the afternoon.