Adolecent Growth Mindset Based on Demographic Factors: A Case Study at SMPN 5 Bandung
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Abstract
A growth mindset is the belief that potential can be developed through effort, appropriate strategies, and support from others. Despite its importance, research comprehensively examining growth mindset across demographic characteristics is limited. This study aims to describe the growth mindset profile of adolescents based on demographic factors, including gender, age, grade level, family background, school enrollment pathway, and parental income. A cross-sectional quantitative survey design was used involving 699 students from grades VII, VIII, and IX at SMP Negeri 5 Bandung. Data were collected using the Adolescent Growth Mindset Scale, a 32-item scale with strong psychometric properties (Cronbach's α = 0.95). Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis were used to examine demographic differences and predictors of growth mindset. Results indicated that 47.5% of students fell into the Fixed Mindset with Some Growth Ideas category. Higher growth mindset scores were observed among male students, older adolescents, students in higher grade levels, those admitted through merit-based pathways, and students from high-income families. Regression analysis showed that family structure (sig. = 0.028) and paternal bereavement status (sig. = 0.021) significantly contributed to variations in growth mindset, while gender, age, grade level, school entry pathway, and parental income were not significant predictors when analyzed simultaneously. These findings suggest that demographic and family-related factors play a role in shaping adolescents' beliefs about learning and personal development. This study highlights the importance of school counseling and targeted educational interventions to strengthen growth mindsets.
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