Identifikasi Kebutuhan Diet Hipertensi yang tepat sebagai Upaya Prevensi Komplikasi Penyakit Kardiovaskuler Aterosklerosis Identifying the Right Hypertension Diet Needs as an Effort to Prevent Complications of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
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Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular complications, one of which is atherosclerosis. One preventive measure is through the implementation of a low-salt diet according to the degree of hypertension. This community service activity aims to increase knowledge and identify dietary needs for hypertension management, in accordance with the Ministry of Health guidelines. The method used was health education with a pre-test-post-test design involving 20 participants. Data were analyzed descriptively to observe changes in knowledge before and after education and the distribution of low-salt diet categories. The results of the activity showed an average pre-test score of 53.7, which increased to 73.6 on the post-test, indicating improved participant understanding. Based on needs identification, the majority of participants (55%) required a low-salt diet III for mild hypertension; three participants were included in a low-salt diet II, one participant was on a low-salt diet I, and five participants were in the pre-hypertension category. The education provided included the principles of salt restriction, how to read nutrition labels, and strategies to reduce consumption of high-sodium foods. The results of this activity indicate that education based on low-salt diet guidelines is effective in increasing participants' knowledge and providing an overview of appropriate dietary practices to prevent complications of atherosclerosis. It is recommended that similar activities be continued with practical assistance and monitoring of dietary compliance to maintain behavioral changes consistently.
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