Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah: Sebuah Kajian Literatur
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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) melalui pendekatan systematic literature review. Empat fokus utama dikaji, yakni manfaat AI, tantangan implementasi, model penerapan, serta implikasi bagi keberlanjutan pendidikan. Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa AI berkontribusi signifikan dalam memfasilitasi personalisasi materi, mempercepat asesmen formatif, serta menyediakan learning analytics yang mendukung pengambilan keputusan instruksional berbasis data. Namun, penerapannya di MI masih menghadapi kendala serius berupa keterbatasan infrastruktur digital, rendahnya literasi dan kesiapan guru, serta isu etika dan nilai Islami. Berbagai model relevan, seperti ChatGPT, chatbot, Bing AI, menawarkan solusi kontekstual, tetapi efektivitasnya sangat dipengaruhi oleh desain pedagogis, dukungan institusional, dan ketersediaan sumber daya. Implikasi penggunaan AI menegaskan perlunya reformasi profesionalisme guru, kurikulum yang lebih adaptif, tata kelola data yang aman, serta pengembangan kerangka etika berbasis maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah agar selaras dengan visi pendidikan Islam. Dengan demikian, integrasi AI di MI tidak sekadar inovasi teknologis, melainkan harus diposisikan sebagai bagian dari reformasi pendidikan yang holistik, etis, dan berkelanjutan. Kajian ini berkontribusi dalam menyediakan peta literatur komprehensif serta rekomendasi praktis bagi guru, pembuat kebijakan, dan pemangku kepentingan untuk mendukung transformasi digital madrasah yang inklusif dan berkeadilan.
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