Novel Coronavirus: A Newly Arranged Mini-Review
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Submitted
29 May 2020
Published
22 June 2020
Keywords:
-
COVID-19, Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was originally known as a virus that infects animals and rarely can be transmitted to humans in large populations, is now transformed into one of the most feared pandemics causes worldwide. Infection by a virus that is officially known as COVID-19 has caused global concern mainly due to the number of deaths caused. Since it was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019, now COVID-19 has spread to almost all parts of the world with a very rapid spread rate. The main symptom of this infection is a respiratory disease accompanied by other symptoms that resemble flu-like illness. Everyone can suffer from COVID-19, but the elderly, toddlers, pregnant women, and people with certain diseases and disorders of the immune system show more severe symptoms. The disease is transmitted through inhalation or contact with droplets, where the incubation period ranges from 2 to 14 days. Until now, specific therapy to treat COVID-19 has not been found, with preventive measures taken to control its spread. In this mini-review, we will explain important information related to COVID-19.
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References
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Cascella, M., Rajnik, M., Cuomo, A., Dulebohn, S.C., & Di Napoli, R. (2020). Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19). In: StatPearls. Treasure Island, Florida: StatPearls Publishing.
Chen, B., Tian, E.K., He, B., Tian, L., Han, R., Wang, S., Xiang, Q., Zhang, S., El Arnaout, T., & Cheng, W. (2020). Overview of lethal human coronaviruses. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 5, 89. doi:10.1038/s41392-020-0190-2
Ghinai, I., McPherson, T.D., Hunter, J.C., Kirking, H.L., Christiansen, D., Joshi, K., Rubin, R., Morales-Estrada, S., Black, S.R., Pacilli, M., Fricchione, M.J., Chugh, R.K., Walblay, K.A., Ahmed, N.S., Stoecker, W.C., Hasan, N.F., Burdsall, D.P., Reese, H.E., Wallace, M., Wang, C., Moeller, D., Korpics, J., Novosad, S.A., Benowitz, I., Jacobs, M.W., Dasari, V.S., Patel, M.T., Kauerauf, J., Charles, E.M., Ezike, N.O., Chu, V., Midgley, C.M., Rolfes, M.A., Gerber, S.I., Lu, X., Lindstrom, S., Verani, J.R., & Layden, J.E. (2020). First known person-to-person transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the USA. The Lancet, 395(10230), 1137-1144. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30607-3
Huang. C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., Cheng, Z., Yu, T., Xia, J., Wei, Y., Wu, W., Xie, X., Yin, W., Li, H., Liu, M., Xiao, Y., Gao, H., Guo, L., Xie, J., Wang, G., & Cao, B. (2020). Clinical Features of Patients Infected With 2019 Novel Coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet, 395(10223), 497-506. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30183-5
Iyengar, K., Bahl, S., Vaishya, R., & Vaish, A. (2020). Challenges and solutions in meeting up the urgent requirement of ventilators for COVID-19 patients. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome, 14(4), 499-501. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.048
Jayaweera, M., Perera, H., Gunawardanam, B., & Manatunge, J. (2020). Transmission of COVID-19 virus by droplets and aerosols: A critical review on the unresolved dichotomy. Environmental Research, 188, 109819. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.109819
Liu, D.X., Liang, J.Q., & Fung, T.S. (2020). Human Coronavirus-229E, -OC43, -NL63, and -HKU1 Ding X. Liu, Jia. Reference Module in Life Sciences, B978-0-12-809633-8.21501-X. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.21501-X
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Pal, M., Berhanu, G., Desalegn, C., Kandi, V. (2020). Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): An Update. Cureus, 12(3), e7423. doi:10.7759/cureus.7423
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Raoult, D., Zumla, A., Locatelli, F., Ippolito, G., & Kroemer, G. (2020). Coronavirus infections: Epidemiological, clinical and immunological features and hypotheses. Cell Stress, [Epub ahead of print]. doi:10.15698/cst2020.04.216
Savi, C.D., Hughes, D.L., & Kvaerno, L. (2020). Quest for a COVID-19 Cure by Repurposing Small-Molecule Drugs: Mechanism of Action, Clinical Development, Synthesis at Scale, and Outlook for Supply. Organic Process Research and Development, [Epub ahead of print]. doi:10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00233
Singhal, T. (2020). A Review of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 87(4), 281-286. doi:10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6
Tan, W., Zhao, X., Ma, X., Wang, W., Niu, P., Xu, W., Gao, G.F., & Wu, G. (2020). A Novel Coronavirus Genome Identified in a Cluster of Pneumonia Cases — Wuhan, China 2019−2020. China CDC Weekly, 2(4), 61-62. doi:10.46234/ccdcw2020.017
Wang, L., Wang, Y., Ye, D., & Liu, Q. (2020). Review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on current evidence. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, [Epub ahead of print], 105948. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105948
Weiss, S.R. & Navas-Martin, S. (2005). Coronavirus Pathogenesis and the Emerging Pathogen Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 69(4), 635-664. doi:10.1128/MMBR.69.4.635-664.2005
Wilson, N.M., Norton, A., Young, F.P., & Collins, D.W. (2020). Airborne transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 to healthcare workers: a narrative review. Anaesthesia, [Epub ahead of print]. doi:10.1111/anae.15093
Woo, P.C.Y., Huang, Y., Lau, S.K.P., & Yuen, K.Y. (2010). Coronavirus Genomics and Bioinformatics Analysis. Viruses, 2(8), 1804-1820. doi:10.3390/v2081803
World Health Organization. (2020a). Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-19): What are the symptoms of COVID-19? https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses#:~:text=symptoms
World Health Organization. (2020b). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public
Wu, R., Wang, L., Kuo, H.C.D., Shannar, A., Peter, R., Chou, P.J., Li, S., Hudlikar, R., Liu, X., Liu, Z., Poiani, G.J., Amorosa, L., Brunetti, L., & Kong, A.N. (2020). An Update on Current Therapeutic Drugs Treating COVID-19. Current Pharmacology Reports, [Epub ahead of print], 1-15. doi:10.1007/s40495-020-00216-7
Yi, Y., Lagniton, P.N.P., Ye, S., Li, E., & Xu, R.H. (2020). COVID-19: what has been learned and to be learned about the novel coronavirus disease. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 16(10), 1753-1766. doi:10.7150/ijbs.45134
Yin, Y. & Wunderink, R.G. (2018). MERS, SARS and Other Coronaviruses as Causes of Pneumonia. Respirology, 23(2), 130-137. doi:10.1111/resp.13196
Authors
1.
Devi S, Tripathi K, Mukim M, Jain V, Ahmad N, Hasan N, Singh PK, Khalid M. Novel Coronavirus: A Newly Arranged Mini-Review. Borneo J Pharm [Internet]. 2020Jun.22 [cited 2024Dec.22];3(Special-1):130-5. Available from: https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bjop/article/view/1428
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