Potential of Frangipani (Plumeria alba) Leaves Extract as Ultra Violet Protection
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Submitted
3 September 2020
3 September 2020
Published
30 November 2020
30 November 2020
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Abstract
Sunlight is the source of life and energy. Besides that, sunlight also creates skin challenges such as sunburn, pigmentation, wrinkles, dermatitis, aging, and skin cancer. Natural sunscreen protection is a popular and preferred way among various regions of the world to reduce sunlight's harmful effect. This study aimed to determine the potential of frangipani (Plumeria alba) leaves extract in some concentrations as ultraviolet protection. Plumeria alba extract contained secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, phenolics, and alkaloids that function as impeding ultraviolet radiation. This study used an experimental method consisting of four treatments and six replications. This study shows that the extract with concentration 2500; 5000; 7500; and 10000 ppm consecutively have SPF value of 6.24; 12.00; 18.45; and 22.64. It can be concluded the P. alba leaves extract potential as ultraviolet protection.
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References
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Cefali, L.C., Ataide, J.A., Fernandes, A.R., Sanchez-Lopez, E., Sousa, I.M.O., Figueiredo, M.C., Ruiz, A.L.T.G., Foglio, M.A., Mazzola, P.G., & Souto, E.B. (2019). Evaluation of In Vitro Solar Protection Factor (SPF), Antioxidant Activity, and Cell Viability of Mixed Vegetable Extracts from Dirmophandra mollis Benth, Ginkgo biloba L., Ruta graveolens L., and Vitis vinífera L. Plants, 8(11), 453. doi:10.3390/plants8110453
Costa, S.C.C., Detoni, C.B., Branco, C.R.C., Botura, M.B., & Branco, A. (2015). In vitro photoprotective effects of Marcetia taxifolia ethanolic extract and its potential for sunscreen formulations. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 25(4), 413-418. doi:10.1016/j.bjp.2015.07.013
Damogalad, V., Edy, H.J., & Supriati, H.S. (2013). Formulasi Krim Tabir Surya Ekstrak Kulit Nanas (Ananas comosus L MERR) dan Uji In Vitro Nilai Sun Protecting Factor (SPF). Pharmacon, 2(2), 39-43. doi:10.35799/pha.2.2013.1577
Donglikar, M.M. & Deore, S.L. (2016). Sunscreens: A review. Pharmacognosy Journals, 8(3), 171-179. doi:10.5530/pj.2016.3.1
Eff, A.R.Y., Pertiwi, R.D., Rakhmawati, I., & Utami, T.P. (2018). In-vitro and in-vivo Sunscreen Activity of Active Compounds Isolated from Fruits of Phaleria marcocarpha (Scheff.) Boerl. Journal of Young Pharmacists, 10(2s), S106-S110. doi:10.5530/jyp.2018.2s.21
Ersalina, E.B., Abdillah, A.A., & Sulmartiwi, L. (2020). Potential of Caulerpa racemosa extracts as sunscreen creams. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 441, 012007. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/441/1/012007
Fonseca, A.P. & Rafaela, N. (2013). Determination of Sun Protection Factor by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. Health Care: Current Reviews, 1(1), 1-14. doi:10.4172/2375-4273.1000108
Geoffrey, K., Mwangi, A.N., & Maru, S.M. (2019). Sunscreen products: Rationale for use, formulation development and regulatory considerations. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 27(7), 1009-1018. doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2019.08.003
Gupta, M., Rakhi, N.Y., Saroj, P.S., Priyanka, A.R., & Ankit, S. (2016). Phytochemical screening of leaves of Plumeria alba and Plumeria acuminate. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 8(5), 354-358.
Korać, R.R. & Khambholja, K.M. (2011). Potential of herbs in skin protection from ultraviolet radiation. Pharmacognosy Review, 5(10), 164-173. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.91114
Laeliocattleya, R.A. (2019). The potential of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of corn silk (Zea mays L.) as sunscreen. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2099, 020012. doi:10.1063/1.5098417
Latha, M.S., Martis, J., Shobha, V., Shinde, R.S., Bangera, S., Krishnankutty, B., Bellary, S., Varughese, S., Rao, P., & Kumar, B.R.N. (2013). Sunscreening Agents: A Review. Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 6(1), 16-26.
Mishra, A.K., Mishra, A., & Chattopadhyay, P. (2011). Herbal Cosmeceuticals for Photoprotection from Ultraviolet B Radiation: A Review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 10(3), 351-360. doi:10.4314/tjpr.v10i3.7
Ngoc, L.T.N., Tran, V.V., Moon, J.Y., Chae, M., Park, D., & Lee, Y.C. (2019). Recent Trends of Sunscreen Cosmetic: An Update Review. Cosmetics, 6(4), 64. doi:10.3390/cosmetics6040064
Ningsih, D.R., Zusfahair, & Purwati. (2014). Potensi Ekstrak Daun Kamboja (Plumeria alba L.) sebagai Antibakteri dan Identifikasi Golongan Senyawa Bioaktifnya. Molekul, 9(2), 101-109. doi:10.20884/1.jm.2014.9.2.156
Panche, A.N., Diwan, A.D., & Chandra, S.R. (2016). Flavonoids: an overview. Journal of Nutritional Science, 5, e47. doi:10.1017/jns.2016.41
Paul, S.P. (2019). Ensuring the Safety of Sunscreens, and Their Efficacy in Preventing Skin Cancers: Challenges and Controversies for Clinicians, Formulators, and Regulators. Frontiers in Medicine, 6, 195. doi:10.3389/fmed.2019.00195
Perugini, P., Bonetti, M., Cozzi, A.C., & Colombo, G.L. (2019). Topical Sunscreen Application Preventing Skin Cancer: Systematic Review. Cosmetics, 6(3), 42. doi:10.3390/cosmetics6030042
Shanbhag, S., Nayak, A., Narayan, R., & Nayak, U.Y. (2019). Anti-aging and Sunscreens: Paradigm Shift in Cosmetics. Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 9(3), 348-359. doi:10.15171/apb.2019.042
Surdu, S., Fitzgerald, E.F., Bloom, M.S., Boscoe, F.P., Carpenter, D.O., Haase, R.F., Gurzau, E., Rudnai, P., Koppova, K., Févotte, J., Leonardi, G., Vahter, M., Goessler, W., Kumar, R., & Fletcher, T. (2013). Occupational exposure to ultraviolet radiation and risk of non-melanoma skin cancer in a multinational European study. PLoS One, 8(4), e62359. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0062359
Wacker, M. & Holick, M.F. (2013). Sunlight and Vitamin D: A global perspective for health. Dermato-Endocrinology, 5(1), 51-108. doi:10.4161/derm.24494
Wasitaatmadja, S.M. (1997). Penuntun Ilmu Kosmetik Medik. Jakarta, Indonesia: Universitas Indonesia.
Widyastuti, W., Kusuma, A.E., Nurlaili, N., & Sukmawati, F. (2016). Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Tabir Surya Ekstrak Etanol Daun Stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa A.N. Duchesne). JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis), 3(1), 19-24. doi:10.29208/jsfk.2016.3.1.92
Wrasiati, L.P., Hartati, A., & Yuarini, D.A.Y. (2011). Kandungan Senyawa Bioaktif Dan Karakteristik Sensoris Ekstrak Simplisia Bunga Kamboja (Plumeria Sp.). Jurnal Biologi Udayana, 15(2), 39-43.
Yulianti, E., Adelsa, A., & Putri, A. (2015). Penentuan nilai SPF (Sun Protection Factor) Ekstrak Etanol 70 % Temu Mangga (Curcuma mangga) dan Krim Ekstrak Etanol 70 % Temu Mangga (Curcuma mangga) secara In Vitro Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri. Majalah Kesehatan, 2(1), 41-50.
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Becker, C., Kläring, H.P., Kroh, L.W., & Krumbein, A. (2013). Temporary reduction of radiation does not permanently reduce flavonoid glycosides and phenolic acids in red lettuce. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 72, 154-160. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.05.006
Cefali, L.C., Ataide, J.A., Fernandes, A.R., Sanchez-Lopez, E., Sousa, I.M.O., Figueiredo, M.C., Ruiz, A.L.T.G., Foglio, M.A., Mazzola, P.G., & Souto, E.B. (2019). Evaluation of In Vitro Solar Protection Factor (SPF), Antioxidant Activity, and Cell Viability of Mixed Vegetable Extracts from Dirmophandra mollis Benth, Ginkgo biloba L., Ruta graveolens L., and Vitis vinífera L. Plants, 8(11), 453. doi:10.3390/plants8110453
Costa, S.C.C., Detoni, C.B., Branco, C.R.C., Botura, M.B., & Branco, A. (2015). In vitro photoprotective effects of Marcetia taxifolia ethanolic extract and its potential for sunscreen formulations. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 25(4), 413-418. doi:10.1016/j.bjp.2015.07.013
Damogalad, V., Edy, H.J., & Supriati, H.S. (2013). Formulasi Krim Tabir Surya Ekstrak Kulit Nanas (Ananas comosus L MERR) dan Uji In Vitro Nilai Sun Protecting Factor (SPF). Pharmacon, 2(2), 39-43. doi:10.35799/pha.2.2013.1577
Donglikar, M.M. & Deore, S.L. (2016). Sunscreens: A review. Pharmacognosy Journals, 8(3), 171-179. doi:10.5530/pj.2016.3.1
Eff, A.R.Y., Pertiwi, R.D., Rakhmawati, I., & Utami, T.P. (2018). In-vitro and in-vivo Sunscreen Activity of Active Compounds Isolated from Fruits of Phaleria marcocarpha (Scheff.) Boerl. Journal of Young Pharmacists, 10(2s), S106-S110. doi:10.5530/jyp.2018.2s.21
Ersalina, E.B., Abdillah, A.A., & Sulmartiwi, L. (2020). Potential of Caulerpa racemosa extracts as sunscreen creams. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 441, 012007. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/441/1/012007
Fonseca, A.P. & Rafaela, N. (2013). Determination of Sun Protection Factor by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. Health Care: Current Reviews, 1(1), 1-14. doi:10.4172/2375-4273.1000108
Geoffrey, K., Mwangi, A.N., & Maru, S.M. (2019). Sunscreen products: Rationale for use, formulation development and regulatory considerations. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 27(7), 1009-1018. doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2019.08.003
Gupta, M., Rakhi, N.Y., Saroj, P.S., Priyanka, A.R., & Ankit, S. (2016). Phytochemical screening of leaves of Plumeria alba and Plumeria acuminate. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 8(5), 354-358.
Korać, R.R. & Khambholja, K.M. (2011). Potential of herbs in skin protection from ultraviolet radiation. Pharmacognosy Review, 5(10), 164-173. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.91114
Laeliocattleya, R.A. (2019). The potential of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of corn silk (Zea mays L.) as sunscreen. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2099, 020012. doi:10.1063/1.5098417
Latha, M.S., Martis, J., Shobha, V., Shinde, R.S., Bangera, S., Krishnankutty, B., Bellary, S., Varughese, S., Rao, P., & Kumar, B.R.N. (2013). Sunscreening Agents: A Review. Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 6(1), 16-26.
Mishra, A.K., Mishra, A., & Chattopadhyay, P. (2011). Herbal Cosmeceuticals for Photoprotection from Ultraviolet B Radiation: A Review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 10(3), 351-360. doi:10.4314/tjpr.v10i3.7
Ngoc, L.T.N., Tran, V.V., Moon, J.Y., Chae, M., Park, D., & Lee, Y.C. (2019). Recent Trends of Sunscreen Cosmetic: An Update Review. Cosmetics, 6(4), 64. doi:10.3390/cosmetics6040064
Ningsih, D.R., Zusfahair, & Purwati. (2014). Potensi Ekstrak Daun Kamboja (Plumeria alba L.) sebagai Antibakteri dan Identifikasi Golongan Senyawa Bioaktifnya. Molekul, 9(2), 101-109. doi:10.20884/1.jm.2014.9.2.156
Panche, A.N., Diwan, A.D., & Chandra, S.R. (2016). Flavonoids: an overview. Journal of Nutritional Science, 5, e47. doi:10.1017/jns.2016.41
Paul, S.P. (2019). Ensuring the Safety of Sunscreens, and Their Efficacy in Preventing Skin Cancers: Challenges and Controversies for Clinicians, Formulators, and Regulators. Frontiers in Medicine, 6, 195. doi:10.3389/fmed.2019.00195
Perugini, P., Bonetti, M., Cozzi, A.C., & Colombo, G.L. (2019). Topical Sunscreen Application Preventing Skin Cancer: Systematic Review. Cosmetics, 6(3), 42. doi:10.3390/cosmetics6030042
Shanbhag, S., Nayak, A., Narayan, R., & Nayak, U.Y. (2019). Anti-aging and Sunscreens: Paradigm Shift in Cosmetics. Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 9(3), 348-359. doi:10.15171/apb.2019.042
Surdu, S., Fitzgerald, E.F., Bloom, M.S., Boscoe, F.P., Carpenter, D.O., Haase, R.F., Gurzau, E., Rudnai, P., Koppova, K., Févotte, J., Leonardi, G., Vahter, M., Goessler, W., Kumar, R., & Fletcher, T. (2013). Occupational exposure to ultraviolet radiation and risk of non-melanoma skin cancer in a multinational European study. PLoS One, 8(4), e62359. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0062359
Wacker, M. & Holick, M.F. (2013). Sunlight and Vitamin D: A global perspective for health. Dermato-Endocrinology, 5(1), 51-108. doi:10.4161/derm.24494
Wasitaatmadja, S.M. (1997). Penuntun Ilmu Kosmetik Medik. Jakarta, Indonesia: Universitas Indonesia.
Widyastuti, W., Kusuma, A.E., Nurlaili, N., & Sukmawati, F. (2016). Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Tabir Surya Ekstrak Etanol Daun Stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa A.N. Duchesne). JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis), 3(1), 19-24. doi:10.29208/jsfk.2016.3.1.92
Wrasiati, L.P., Hartati, A., & Yuarini, D.A.Y. (2011). Kandungan Senyawa Bioaktif Dan Karakteristik Sensoris Ekstrak Simplisia Bunga Kamboja (Plumeria Sp.). Jurnal Biologi Udayana, 15(2), 39-43.
Yulianti, E., Adelsa, A., & Putri, A. (2015). Penentuan nilai SPF (Sun Protection Factor) Ekstrak Etanol 70 % Temu Mangga (Curcuma mangga) dan Krim Ekstrak Etanol 70 % Temu Mangga (Curcuma mangga) secara In Vitro Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri. Majalah Kesehatan, 2(1), 41-50.
Authors
1.
Putra IGNAWW, Arimbawa PE, Artini NPR. Potential of Frangipani (Plumeria alba) Leaves Extract as Ultra Violet Protection. Borneo J Pharm [Internet]. 2020Nov.30 [cited 2025Apr.16];3(4):257-61. Available from: https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bjop/article/view/1644
Copyright (c) 2020 I Gusti Ngurah Agung Windra Wartana Putra, Putu Eka Arimbawa, Ni Putu Rahayu Artini
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