Antioxidant and UV Protection Activities of Squid (Loligo sp.) Ink Powder Lotions
Article Sidebar
Submitted
18 September 2020
18 September 2020
Published
28 February 2021
28 February 2021
Keywords:
Abstract
Melanin is a pigment contains in human skin which role as a UV-absorbing agent. One of the exogenous melanins can be obtained from squid (Loligo sp.) ink. Squid ink melanin has potent free radical protection activities. This study aimed to determine the physicochemical, stability, antioxidant, and UV protection activities of squid ink powder lotions. Squid ink powders were obtained from the drying process using HCl 0.5M and stored in the climatic chamber. Antioxidant activity was conducted quantitatively using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil) scavenging method. The best result of the DPPH scavenging activity was 29.12±0.023%, shown from formula III. UV protection activity was conducted by observing erythema scores in animal skin, which exposure to UV. This preparation inhibits the effect of UV exposure. Squid ink powder lotions are potential as a sunscreen product.
Full text article
Generated from XML file
References
1. Boer M, Duchnik E, Maleszka R, Marchlewicz M. Structural and biophysical characteristics of human skin in maintaining proper epidermal barrier function. Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2016;33(1):1-5. doi:10.5114/pdia.2015.48037
2. Rittié L, Fisher GJ. Natural and Sun-Induced Aging of Human Skin. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2015;5(1):a015370. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a015370
3. Pandel R, Poljšak B, Godic A, Dahmane R. Skin Photoaging and the Role of Antioxidants in Its Prevention. Int Sch Res Notices. 2013;2013:930164. doi:10.1155/2013/930164
4. Paul SP. Ensuring the Safety of Sunscreens, and Their Efficacy in Preventing Skin Cancers: Challenges and Controversies for Clinicians, Formulators, and Regulators. Front Med. 2019;6:195. doi:10.3389/fmed.2019.00195
5. Geoffrey K, Mwangi AN, Maru SM. Sunscreen products: Rationale for use, formulation development and regulatory considerations. Saudi Pharm J. 2019;27(7):1009-18. doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2019.08.003
6. Brenner M, Hearing VJ. The Protective Role of Melanin Against UV Damage in Human Skin. Photochem Photobiol. 2008;84(3):539-49. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00226.x
7. Solano F. Photoprotection and Skin Pigmentation: Melanin-Related Molecules and Some Other New Agents Obtained from Natural Sources. Molecules. 2020;25(7):1537. doi:10.3390/molecules25071537
8. Guo X, Chen S, Hu Y, Li G, Liao N, Ye X, et al. Preparation of water-soluble melanin from squid ink using ultrasound-assisted degradation and its anti-oxidant activity. J Food Sci Technol. 2014;51(12):3680-90. doi:10.1007/s13197-013-0937-7
9. Fitrial Y, Khotimah IK. Antibacterial Activity of Melanin from Cuttlefish and Squid Ink. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia. 2017;20(2):266-74. doi:10.17844/jphpi.v20i2.17907
10. Chen Y, Liu H, Huang H, Ma Y, Wan R, Hu Y, et al. Squid Ink Polysaccharides Protect Human Fibroblast Against Oxidative Stress by Regulating NADPH Oxidase and Connexin43. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:1574. doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01574
11. Nadarajah SK, Vijayaraj R, Mani J. Therapeutic Significance of Loligo vulgaris (Lamarck, 1798) ink Extract: A Biomedical Approach. Pharmacognosy Res. 2017;9(Suppl 1):S105-9. doi:10.4103/pr.pr_81_17
12. Latha MS, Martis J, Shobha V, Shinde RS, Bangera S, Krishnankutty B, et al. Sunscreening Agents: A Review. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2013;6(1):16-26.
13. Ebrahimzadeh MA, Enayatifard R, Khalili M, Ghaffarloo M, Saeedi M, Charati JY. Correlation between Sun Protection Factor and Antioxidant Activity, Phenol and Flavonoid Contents of some Medicinal Plants. Iran J Pharm Res. 2014;13(3):1041-7.
14. Purnamawati S, Indrastuti N, Danarti R, Saefudin T. The Role of Moisturizers in Addressing Various Kinds of Dermatitis: A Review. Clin Med Res. 2017;15(3-4):75-87. doi:10.3121/cmr.2017.1363
15. Nitsae M, Karpada E, Banamtuan A, Ledo MES, Mauboy RS, Sabuna AC. Uji Ketahanan Luntur dan Karakterisasi Serbuk Tinta Cumi-Cumi (Loligo sp.) sebagai Dasar Pewarna Hitam untuk Kain Tenun Ikat Asal Nusa Tenggara Timur. Biota Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati. 2017;2(3):89-96. doi:10.24002/biota.v3i2.1884
16. Saptarini NM, Hadisoebroto G. Formulation and evaluation of lotion and cream of nanosized chitosan-mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) pericarp extract. Rasayan J Chem. 2020;13(2):789-95. doi:10.31788/RJC.2020.1325533
17. Amatullah L, Cahyaningrum TN, Fidyaningsih AN. Antioxidants Effectivity In Skin Lotion Formulation Of Mesocarp Fruit Extract Lontar (Borassus Flabellifer) Against White Rats Wistar Male In-Situ. JPSCR J Pharm Sci Clin Res. 2017;2(1):25-34. doi:10.20961/jpscr.v2i1.5236
18. Kumar A, Dua JS. Formulation and Evaluation of Itraconazole Niosomal Gel. Asian J Pharm Res Dev. 2018;6(5):76-80. doi:10.22270/ajprd.v6i5.425
19. Fitriani EW, Imelda E, Kornelis C, Avanti C. Karakterisasi dan Stabilitas Fisik Mikroemulsi Tipe A/M Dengan Berbagai Fase Minyak. Pharm Sci Res. 2016;3(1):31-44. doi:10.7454/psr.v3i1.3221
20. Fatimah Zaharah MY, Rabeta MS. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of squid ink powder. Food Res. 2018;2(1):82-8. doi:10.26656/fr.2017.2(1).225
21. Saputri R, Melati TMR, Fitriyanti F. Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extract from Tandui Leaves (Mangifera rufocostata Kosterm.) by DPPH Radical Scavenging Method. Borneo J Pharm. 2019;2(2):114-8. doi:10.33084/bjop.v2i2.1070
22. Krismayogi GA, Ratnayanti IGAD, Linawati NM, Wiryawan IGNS, Sugiritama IW, Wahyuniari IAI, et al. Purple Cabbage Extract Cream Effect on Erythema Score of Male Wistar Rats Back Skin Exposed to UV-B Radiation. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2018;11(1):343-51. doi:10.13005/bpj/1378
23. Lambers H, Piessens S, Bloem A, Pronk H, Finkel P. Natural skin surface pH is on average below 5, which is beneficial for its resident flora. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2006;28(5):359-70. doi:10.1111/j.1467-2494.2006.00344.x
24. Badan Standarisasi Nasional. Sediaan Tabir Surya. SNI 16-4399-1996. Jakarta, Indonesia: Badan Standarisasi Nasional; 1996.
25. Deuschle VCKN, Deuschle RAN, Bortoluzzi MR, Athayde ML. Physical chemistry evaluation of stability, spreadability, in vitro antioxidant, and photo-protective capacities of topical formulations containing Calendula officinalis L. leaf extract. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2015;51(1):63-75. doi:10.1590/S1984-82502015000100007
26. Molyneux P. The use of the stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for estimating antioxidant activity. Songklanarin J Sci Technol. 2004;26(2):211-9
27. Tan BL, Norhaizan ME, Liew WPP, Rahman HS. Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress: A Mutual Interplay in Age-Related Diseases. Front Pharmacol. 2018;9:1162. doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.01162
Read More
2. Rittié L, Fisher GJ. Natural and Sun-Induced Aging of Human Skin. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2015;5(1):a015370. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a015370
3. Pandel R, Poljšak B, Godic A, Dahmane R. Skin Photoaging and the Role of Antioxidants in Its Prevention. Int Sch Res Notices. 2013;2013:930164. doi:10.1155/2013/930164
4. Paul SP. Ensuring the Safety of Sunscreens, and Their Efficacy in Preventing Skin Cancers: Challenges and Controversies for Clinicians, Formulators, and Regulators. Front Med. 2019;6:195. doi:10.3389/fmed.2019.00195
5. Geoffrey K, Mwangi AN, Maru SM. Sunscreen products: Rationale for use, formulation development and regulatory considerations. Saudi Pharm J. 2019;27(7):1009-18. doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2019.08.003
6. Brenner M, Hearing VJ. The Protective Role of Melanin Against UV Damage in Human Skin. Photochem Photobiol. 2008;84(3):539-49. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00226.x
7. Solano F. Photoprotection and Skin Pigmentation: Melanin-Related Molecules and Some Other New Agents Obtained from Natural Sources. Molecules. 2020;25(7):1537. doi:10.3390/molecules25071537
8. Guo X, Chen S, Hu Y, Li G, Liao N, Ye X, et al. Preparation of water-soluble melanin from squid ink using ultrasound-assisted degradation and its anti-oxidant activity. J Food Sci Technol. 2014;51(12):3680-90. doi:10.1007/s13197-013-0937-7
9. Fitrial Y, Khotimah IK. Antibacterial Activity of Melanin from Cuttlefish and Squid Ink. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia. 2017;20(2):266-74. doi:10.17844/jphpi.v20i2.17907
10. Chen Y, Liu H, Huang H, Ma Y, Wan R, Hu Y, et al. Squid Ink Polysaccharides Protect Human Fibroblast Against Oxidative Stress by Regulating NADPH Oxidase and Connexin43. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:1574. doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01574
11. Nadarajah SK, Vijayaraj R, Mani J. Therapeutic Significance of Loligo vulgaris (Lamarck, 1798) ink Extract: A Biomedical Approach. Pharmacognosy Res. 2017;9(Suppl 1):S105-9. doi:10.4103/pr.pr_81_17
12. Latha MS, Martis J, Shobha V, Shinde RS, Bangera S, Krishnankutty B, et al. Sunscreening Agents: A Review. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2013;6(1):16-26.
13. Ebrahimzadeh MA, Enayatifard R, Khalili M, Ghaffarloo M, Saeedi M, Charati JY. Correlation between Sun Protection Factor and Antioxidant Activity, Phenol and Flavonoid Contents of some Medicinal Plants. Iran J Pharm Res. 2014;13(3):1041-7.
14. Purnamawati S, Indrastuti N, Danarti R, Saefudin T. The Role of Moisturizers in Addressing Various Kinds of Dermatitis: A Review. Clin Med Res. 2017;15(3-4):75-87. doi:10.3121/cmr.2017.1363
15. Nitsae M, Karpada E, Banamtuan A, Ledo MES, Mauboy RS, Sabuna AC. Uji Ketahanan Luntur dan Karakterisasi Serbuk Tinta Cumi-Cumi (Loligo sp.) sebagai Dasar Pewarna Hitam untuk Kain Tenun Ikat Asal Nusa Tenggara Timur. Biota Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati. 2017;2(3):89-96. doi:10.24002/biota.v3i2.1884
16. Saptarini NM, Hadisoebroto G. Formulation and evaluation of lotion and cream of nanosized chitosan-mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) pericarp extract. Rasayan J Chem. 2020;13(2):789-95. doi:10.31788/RJC.2020.1325533
17. Amatullah L, Cahyaningrum TN, Fidyaningsih AN. Antioxidants Effectivity In Skin Lotion Formulation Of Mesocarp Fruit Extract Lontar (Borassus Flabellifer) Against White Rats Wistar Male In-Situ. JPSCR J Pharm Sci Clin Res. 2017;2(1):25-34. doi:10.20961/jpscr.v2i1.5236
18. Kumar A, Dua JS. Formulation and Evaluation of Itraconazole Niosomal Gel. Asian J Pharm Res Dev. 2018;6(5):76-80. doi:10.22270/ajprd.v6i5.425
19. Fitriani EW, Imelda E, Kornelis C, Avanti C. Karakterisasi dan Stabilitas Fisik Mikroemulsi Tipe A/M Dengan Berbagai Fase Minyak. Pharm Sci Res. 2016;3(1):31-44. doi:10.7454/psr.v3i1.3221
20. Fatimah Zaharah MY, Rabeta MS. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of squid ink powder. Food Res. 2018;2(1):82-8. doi:10.26656/fr.2017.2(1).225
21. Saputri R, Melati TMR, Fitriyanti F. Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extract from Tandui Leaves (Mangifera rufocostata Kosterm.) by DPPH Radical Scavenging Method. Borneo J Pharm. 2019;2(2):114-8. doi:10.33084/bjop.v2i2.1070
22. Krismayogi GA, Ratnayanti IGAD, Linawati NM, Wiryawan IGNS, Sugiritama IW, Wahyuniari IAI, et al. Purple Cabbage Extract Cream Effect on Erythema Score of Male Wistar Rats Back Skin Exposed to UV-B Radiation. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2018;11(1):343-51. doi:10.13005/bpj/1378
23. Lambers H, Piessens S, Bloem A, Pronk H, Finkel P. Natural skin surface pH is on average below 5, which is beneficial for its resident flora. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2006;28(5):359-70. doi:10.1111/j.1467-2494.2006.00344.x
24. Badan Standarisasi Nasional. Sediaan Tabir Surya. SNI 16-4399-1996. Jakarta, Indonesia: Badan Standarisasi Nasional; 1996.
25. Deuschle VCKN, Deuschle RAN, Bortoluzzi MR, Athayde ML. Physical chemistry evaluation of stability, spreadability, in vitro antioxidant, and photo-protective capacities of topical formulations containing Calendula officinalis L. leaf extract. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2015;51(1):63-75. doi:10.1590/S1984-82502015000100007
26. Molyneux P. The use of the stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for estimating antioxidant activity. Songklanarin J Sci Technol. 2004;26(2):211-9
27. Tan BL, Norhaizan ME, Liew WPP, Rahman HS. Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress: A Mutual Interplay in Age-Related Diseases. Front Pharmacol. 2018;9:1162. doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.01162
Authors
1.
Rahmasari D, Juwanti A, Pratiwi I, Diana NZ, Nugraheni RW, Rakhma DN. Antioxidant and UV Protection Activities of Squid (Loligo sp.) Ink Powder Lotions. Borneo J Pharm [Internet]. 2021Feb.28 [cited 2025Apr.7];4(1):22-8. Available from: https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bjop/article/view/1675
Copyright (c) 2021 Dyah Rahmasari, Aulia Juwanti, Ima Pratiwi, Novia Zulfa Diana, Raditya Weka Nugraheni, Dita Nurlita Rakhma
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors continue to retain the copyright to the article if the article is published in the Borneo Journal of Pharmacy. They will also retain the publishing rights to the article without any restrictions.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Any article on the copyright is retained by the author(s).
- The author grants the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share work with an acknowledgment of the work authors and initial publications in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of published articles (e.g., post-institutional repository) or publish them in a book, with acknowledgment of their initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their websites) prior to and during the submission process. This can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citations of published work.
- The article and any associated published material are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Article Details
