Trends of Influenza’s Symptoms Drug Search Terms in Indonesian-Language using Google Trends in the Covid-19 Pandemic
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Submitted
15 December 2021
15 December 2021
Published
31 May 2022
31 May 2022
Abstract
Covid-19 has spread globally and causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. The symptoms of covid-19 have similarities with influenza, such as cough, fever, runny nose, and sore throat. Therefore, the internet sources tend to have an increasing search related to influenza symptoms drugs. This study aims to assess the search trend of influenza symptoms drugs using google trend analysis in Indonesia. We explore google trend analysis using search terms in the Indonesian language related to influenza symptoms drugs from December 6th, 2020 to November 30th, 2021. The positive confirmed cases were obtained from the Indonesian government website https://covid19.go.id/. Our results demonstrated the increasing search terms related to influenza drug symptoms during July and August. The highest term search was “obat batuk”. The positive covid-19 confirmed cases in Indonesia increased during July and August. During the peak of the covid-19 outbreak in Indonesia in July-August 2021, there was an increase in google trends searching related to influenza’s drug symptoms.
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References
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2. Jimenez AJ, Estevez-Reboredo RM, Santed MA, Ramos V. COVID-19 Symptom-Related Google Searches and Local COVID-19 Incidence in Spain: Correlational Study. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(12):e23518. doi:10.2196/23518
3. Piroth L, Cottenet J, Mariet AS, Bonniaud P, Blot M, Tubert-Bitter P, et al. Comparison of the characteristics, morbidity, and mortality of COVID-19 and seasonal influenza: a nationwide, population-based retrospective cohort study. Lancet Respir Med. 2021;9(3):251-9. doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30527-0
4. Wiersinga WJ, Rhodes A, Cheng AC, Pecock SJ, Prescott HC. Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review. JAMA. 2020;324(8):782-93. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.12839
5. Arshad A, Bashir I, Tariq A, Aftab R, Farooq O. A Population Based Study on the Healthcare Seeking Behaviour During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Discov Rep. 2020;3:e14. doi:10.15190/drep.2020.8
6. Asturiningtyas IP, Mirzautika A. Perilaku Pencarian Pengobatan Dan Pemeriksaan Kesehatan Pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Sem Nasional Biol. 2021;9:291-7.
7. Nurlena, Multazam A, Muchlis N. Pola Pencarian Pengobatan Masyarakat pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19 di Kelurahan Minasa Upa Kecamatan Rappocini Kota Makassar. Window Public Health J. 2021;2(2):1106-15.
8. Isnawati A, Gitawati R, Raini M, Alegantina S, Setiawaty V. Indonesia basic health survey: self-medication profile for diarrhea with traditional medicine. Afr Health Sci. 2019;19(3):2365-71. doi:10.4314/ahs.v19i3.9
9. Rokhmah D, Ali K, Putri SMD, Khoiron. Increase in public interest concerning alternative medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: a Google Trends study. F1000Res. 2020;9:1201. doi:10.12688/f1000research.25525.2
10. Rovetta A. Reliability of Google Trends: Analysis of the Limits and Potential of Web Infoveillance During COVID-19 Pandemic and for Future Research. Front Res Metr Anal. 2021;6:670226. doi:10.3389/frma.2021.670226
11. Halford E, Lake A, Gould M. Google searches for suicide and suicide risk factors in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One. 2020;15(7):e0236777. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0236777
12. Uvais NA. Association Between the COVID-19 Outbreak and Mental Health in India: A Google Trends Study. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2020;22(6): 20br02778. doi:10.4088/pcc.20br02778
13. Walker A, Hopkins C, Surda P. Use of Google Trends to investigate loss-of-smell-related searches during the COVID-19 outbreak. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2020;10(7):839-47. doi:10.1002/alr.22580
14. Andriani H. Effectiveness of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) toward the New Normal Era during COVID-19 Outbreak: a Mini Policy Review. J Indones Health Policy Adm. 2020;5(2):61-5. doi:10.7454/ihpa.v5i2.4001
15. Laksana S. Post Pandemic Indonesian Regional Development Planning, New Normal, New Orientation: The Case of West Java. J Perencanaan Pembangunan Indones J Develop Plan. 2021;5(1):32-50. doi:10.36574/jpp.v5i1.150
16. Song WJ, Hui CKM, Hull JH, Birring SS, McGarvey L, Mazzone SB, et al. Confronting COVID-19-associated cough and the post-COVID syndrome: role of viral neurotropism, neuroinflammation, and neuroimmune responses. Lancet Respir Med. 2021;9(5):533-44. doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00125-9
17. Nehme M, Braillard O, Alcoba G, Perone SA, Courvoisier D, Chappuis F, et al. COVID-19 Symptoms: Longitudinal Evolution and Persistence in Outpatient Settings. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174(5):723-5. doi:10.7326/m20-5926
18. Struyf T, Deeks JJ, Dinnes J, Takwoingi Y, Davenport C, Leeflang MM, et al. Signs and symptoms to determine if a patient presenting in primary care or hospital outpatient settings has COVID-19 disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;7(7):CD013665. doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013665
19. Lai CC, Shih TP, Ko WC, Tang HJ, Hsueh PR. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;55(3):105924. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924
20. Chao M, Xue D, Liu T, Yang H, Hall BJ. Media use and acute psychological outcomes during COVID-19 outbreak in China. J Anxiety Disord. 2020;74:102248. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102248
21. Setiawati Y, Wahyuhadi J, Joestandari F, Maramis MM, Atika A. Anxiety and Resilience of Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2021;14:1-8. doi:10.2147/jmdh.s276655
22. Anindyajati G, Wiguna T, Murtani BJ, Christian H, Wigantara NA, Putra AA, et al. Anxiety and Its Associated Factors During the Initial Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:634585. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.634585
23. Daroedono E, Kurniaty L, Cing JM, Siagian FE, Sunarti LS, Arodes ES, et al. Health Communication in the New Age: The Role of Social Media on the Behavior and Choices of Self-medication for Covid-19. Acta Sci Clin Case Rep. 2022;3(1):46-52.
Authors
1.
Syifa’ N, Purborini N. Trends of Influenza’s Symptoms Drug Search Terms in Indonesian-Language using Google Trends in the Covid-19 Pandemic. Borneo J Pharm [Internet]. 2022May31 [cited 2025Mar.11];5(2):179-85. Available from: https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bjop/article/view/2997
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