Ointment Formulation of Tapak Dara (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don) Flower Ethanol Extract and its Activity in Burn-Healing
Article Sidebar
-
Burn wound, tapak dara flower, Catharanthus roseus, Ointment
Abstract
Treatment done on burn wounds is intended to provide local therapy to heal as quickly as possible. The content of secondary metabolites in the tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don) flower can help the healing process of burns, namely alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoids. Alkaloids act as antibacterial; saponins can trigger collagen formation; tannins as astringents that cause shrinkage of skin pores and stop minor bleeding in wounds; and flavonoids have anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to formulate an ointment of C. roseus flower ethanol extract and determine its physical characteristics such as organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH value, dispersion, and stability test of the preparation and examine the activity as a burn healer in white male rats. The research data were analyzed statistically using the ANOVA method, followed by the LSD test (least significant difference) to see how the ointment-containing extract reduced the diameter and percentage of the burn wounds. The results show that all ethanol extracts of C. roseus flower ointments met the requirements for its physical characteristic tests. It offers a good activity as a burn healer in white male rats. The most effective concentration is an ointment containing 15% of ethanol extract from C. roseus flower (F3 group), which shows a significant difference (p <0.05) from the blank and the other group formula in burn wound healing.
Full text article
References
2. Heidari M, Bahramsoltani R, Abdolghaffari AH, Rahimi R, Esfandyari M, Baeeri M, et al. Efficacy of topical application of standardized extract of Tragopogon graminifolius in the healing process of experimental burn wounds. J Tradit Complement Med. 2019;9(1):54–9. doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2018.02.02
3. Jeschke MG, van Baar ME, Choudhry MA, Chung KK, Gibran NS, Logsetty S. Burn injury. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020;6(1):11. doi:10.1038/s41572-020-0145-5
4. Greenhalgh DG. Operative Management of Burns: Traditional Care. Eur Burn J. 2023;4(2):262-79. doi:10.3390/ebj4020024
5. Ozhathil DK, Tay MW, Wolf SE, Branski LK. A Narrative Review of the History of Skin Grafting in Burn Care. Medicina. 2021;57(4):380. doi:10.3390/medicina57040380
6. Stokes MAR, Johnson WD. Burns in the Third World: an unmet need. Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2017;30(4):243-6.
7. Sholikhah EN. Indonesian medicinal plants as sources of secondary metabolites for pharmaceutical industry. J Med Sci Gadjah Mada J Med Sci. 2016;48(4):226-39. doi:10.19106/JMedSci004804201606
8. Malikq J, Chowdhuryq HB, Al Faruq A, Das S. Pharmacological Profile of Catharanthus roseus (Apocynaceae) - A Detailed Review. Asian J Pharm Res Dev. 2013;1(2):1-6.
9. Rajashekara S, Reena D, Mainavi MV, Sandhya LS, Baro U. Biological isolation and characterization of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don methanolic leaves extracts and their assessment for antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and apoptotic activities. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2022;22(1):328. doi:10.1186/s12906-022-03810-y
10. Verrananda MI, Fitriani VY, Febrina L, Rijai L. Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Bunga Tapak Dara (Catharanthus roseus). Proc Mul Pharm Conf. 2016;4(1):162-7. doi:10.25026/mpc.v4i1.176
11. Fitri K, Khairani TN, Sianturi KT, Leny L, Hafiz I. Anti-inflammatory Activity of Ethanol Extract of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G.) Seed Against White Male Rats Using Paw Edema Method. J Drug Deliv Ther. 2021;11(4):1–4. doi:10.22270/jddt.v11i4.4918
12. Lulseged K, Akele MZ, Abiye AA, Abebe B, Huluka SA. Wound Healing and Antioxidant Properties of 80% Methanol Leaf Extract of Verbascum sinaiticum (Scrophulariaceae): An Ethiopian Medicinal Plant. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022;2022:9836773. doi:10.1155/2022/9836773
13. Leny, Iskandar B, Silalahi AA. Formulasi Dan Pengujian Stabilitas Sediaan Mikroemulsi Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Nanas (Ananas Comosus L.) Dalam Menghambat Bakteri Staphylococcus Epidermidis. Majalah Farmasi Farmakologi. 2021;25(3):103-8. doi:10.20956/mff.v25i3.17911
14. Ginting P, Leny, Hafiz I, Hasibuan R. Formulation of Anti Acne Sheet Mask from Bandotan Leaf Extract (Ageratum conyzoides L.) against Propionibacterium acnes. J Drug Deliv Ther. 2021; 11(6-S):123-7, doi:10.22270/jddt.v11i6-S.5240
15. Iskandar B, Lukman A, Tartilla R, Surboyo MDC, Leny. Formulasi, Karakterisasi, dan Uji Stabilitas Mikroemulsi Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.). J Ilmiah Ibnu Sina. 2021;6(2):282-91. doi:10.36387/jiis.v6i2.724
16. Leny, Ginting EE, Hafiz I. Formulation and Evaluation of Candlenut (Aleurites moluccana L.) Oil in Gel Preparation. Asian J Pharm Res Dev. 2020;8(6):77–80. doi:10.22270/ajprd.v8i5.842
17. Iskandar B, Dian ZP, Renovita F, Leny. Formulasi dan evaluasi gel Lidah buaya (Aloe vera Linn) sebagai pelembab kulit dengan penggunaan carbopol sebagai gelling agent. Health Sci Pharm J. 2021; 5(1):1-8. doi:10.32504/hspj.v5i1.381
18. Grosu OM, Dragostin OM, Gardikiotis I, Chitescu CL, Lisa EL, Zamfir AS, et al. Experimentally Induced Burns in Rats Treated with Innovative Polymeric Films Type Therapies. Biomedicines. 2023;11(3):852. doi:10.3390/biomedicines11030852
19. Dewi R, Anwar E, Yunita KS. Uji Stabilitas Fisik Formula Krim yang Mengandung Ekstrak Kacang Kedelai (Glycine max). Pharm Sci Res. 2014;1(3):194–208. doi:10.7454/psr.v1i3.3484
20. Adepu S, Ramakrishna S. Controlled Drug Delivery Systems: Current Status and Future Directions. Molecules. 2021;26(19):5905. doi:10.3390/molecules26195905
21. Leny, Ginting EE, Laia W, Hafiz I, Tarigan J. Aktivitas Anti Luka Bakar dari Gel Minyak Kemiri (Aleurites moluccana L.) terhadap Tikus Putih (Rattus novergicus). J Farmasi Udayana. 2021;10(2):117-20. doi:10.24843/jfu.2021.v10.i02.p01
22. Guo HF, Ali RM, Hamid RA, Zaini AA, Khaza’ai H. A new model for studying deep partial-thickness burns in rats. Int J Burns Trauma. 2017;7(6):107-14.
23. Vitale S, Colanero S, Placidi M, Di Emidio G, Tatone C, Amicarelli F, et al. Phytochemistry and Biological Activity of Medicinal Plants in Wound Healing: An Overview of Current Research. Molecules. 2022;27(11):3566. doi:10.3390/molecules27113566
24. Tumbel DJA, Maarisit W, Saroinsong Y. Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Salep Ekstrak Etanol Daun Cabai Rawit. Biofarmasetikal Tropis Trop J Biopharm. 2021;4(1):1–9. doi:10.55724/j.biofar.trop.v4i1.302
25. Chagas MdSS, Behrens MD, Moragas-Tellis CJ, Penedo GXM, Silva AR, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF. Flavonols and Flavones as Potential anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Compounds. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022;2022:9966750. doi:10.1155/2022/9966750
26. Othman L, Sleiman A, Abdel-Massih RM. Antimicrobial Activity of Polyphenols and Alkaloids in Middle Eastern Plants. Front Microbiol. 2019;10:911. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00911
27. Tiwari R, Pathak K. Local Drug Delivery Strategies towards Wound Healing. Pharmaceutics. 2023;15(2):634. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15020634
28. Chokotho L, van Hasselt E. The use of tannins in the local treatment of burn wounds - a pilot study. Malawi Med J. 17(1):19-20. doi:10.4314/mmj.v17i1.10866
Authors
Copyright (c) 2023 Leny Leny, Tetty Noverita Khairani Situmorang, Rensus Siagian, Ihsanul Hafiz, Benni Iskandar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors continue to retain the copyright to the article if the article is published in the Borneo Journal of Pharmacy. They will also retain the publishing rights to the article without any restrictions.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Any article on the copyright is retained by the author(s).
- The author grants the journal, right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share work with an acknowledgment of the work authors and initial publications in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of published articles of work (eg, post-institutional repository) or publish it in a book, with acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their websites) prior to and during the submission process, as can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- The article and any associated published material are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Article Details
