Ethnobotanical Study and Hedonic Evaluation with Cost Analysis of Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) Stem Serum Preparation as an Anti-Aging Solution
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Submitted
20 March 2024
Published
30 May 2024
Keywords:
-
Hedonic, Cost, Musa paradisiaca
Abstract
In skincare, particularly facial serums, the utilization of natural ingredients is crucial in addressing various skin issues, notably combating the effects of free radicals that contribute to wrinkles. This study explores the potential of banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) stem extract as an active ingredient in serum formulation due to its rich anthocyanin content known for antioxidant properties. Hedonic testing and cost analysis serve as initial steps in the marketing mix of a product. This research aims to assess the hedonic preferences of various M. paradisiaca stem serum formulations and analyze the production costs. A descriptive research method employing survey and observational techniques was utilized for data collection and descriptive analysis. Hedonic testing was conducted to gauge the personal preferences of panelists toward M. paradisiaca stem serum formulations. Three formulations (F1 with 4%, F2 with 8%, and F3 with 12% M. paradisiaca extract) were evaluated by 40 panelists. Cost analysis of serum production employed quantitative descriptive analysis, computing the cost per unit using a variable costing method. The hedonic evaluation results showed that F1 formulation was highly preferred (79.3%), followed by F2 (73.2%), and F3 (66.8%). Cost analysis using the variable costing method revealed a total production cost of IDR 614,000.00 for 10 packages of M. paradisiaca stem serum formulation, translating to an approximate unit price of IDR 61,400.00.
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References
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20. Garre A, Narda M, Valderas-Martinez P, Piquero J, Granger C. Antiaging effects of a novel facial serum containing L-Ascorbic acid, proteoglycans, and proteoglycan-stimulating tripeptide: ex vivo skin explant studies and in vivo clinical studies in women. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2018;11:253-63. DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s161352; PMCID: PMC5985795; PMID: 29881301
21. Stephen ID, Smith MJL, Stirrat MR, Perrett DI. Facial Skin Coloration Affects Perceived Health of Human Faces. Int J Primatol. 2009;30(6):845-57. DOI: 10.1007/s10764-009-9380-z; PMCID: PMC2780675; PMID: 19946602
22. Ponphaiboon J, Krongrawa W, Aung WW, Chinatangkul N, Limmatvapirat S, Limmatvapirat C. Advances in Natural Product Extraction Techniques, Electrospun Fiber Fabrication, and the Integration of Experimental Design: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules. 2023;28(13):5163. DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135163; PMCID: PMC10343563; PMID: 37446825
23. Artami LAP, Sudiartha IK, Karma IGM. Calculation of the Cost of Production in Determining the Selling Price of Kelle Soap Products Sari Amertha Aan. J Appl Sci Account Fin Tax. 2021;4(2):173-8. DOI: 10.31940/jasafint.v4i2.173-178
24. Thomas D. Costs, Benefits, and Adoption of Additive Manufacturing: A Supply Chain Perspective. Int J Adv Manuf Technol. 2016;85(5-8):1857-76. DOI: 10.1007/s00170-015-7973-6; PMCID: PMC5524380; PMID: 28747809
25. Špacírová Z, Epstein D, García-Mochón L, Rovira J, Lima AOdL, Espín J. A general framework for classifying costing methods for economic evaluation of health care. Eur J Health Econ. 2020;21(4):529-42. DOI: 10.1007/s10198-019-01157-9; PMCID: PMC8149350; PMID: 31960181
26. Triwidatin Y. The Influence of Raw Materials and Direct Labor Costs on Profit Margin Ratio in UMKM Agan Cibinong, Bogor. J Fin Bus Digit. 2022;1(4):311-24. DOI: 10.55927/jfbd.v1i4.2172
27. Zhenjing G, Chupradit S, Ku KY, Nassani AA, Haffar M. Impact of Employees' Workplace Environment on Employees' Performance: A Multi-Mediation Model. Front Public Health. 2022;10:890400. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.890400; PMCID: PMC9136218; PMID: 35646787
28. Lismawati. Factory Overhead Cost Budget. Multidisc Output Res Actual Int Issue J. 2023;2(4):190-5. DOI: 10.54443/morfai.v3i2.850
29. Luo B, Li L, Sun Y. Understanding the Influence of Consumers' Perceived Value on Energy-Saving Products Purchase Intention. Front Psychol. 2022;12:640376. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.640376; PMCID: PMC8844988; PMID: 35178004
2. Ganceviciene R, Liakou AI, Theodoridis A, Makrantonaki E, Zouboulis CC. Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012;4(3):308-19. DOI: 10.4161/derm.22804; PMCID: PMC3583892; PMID: 23467476
3. Rodan K, Fields K, Majewski G, Falla T. Skincare Bootcamp: The Evolving Role of Skincare. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2016;4(12 Suppl Anatomy and Safety in Cosmetic Medicine: Cosmetic Bootcamp):e1152. DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001152; PMCID: PMC5172479; PMID: 28018771
4. Bjørklund G, Shanaida M, Lysiuk R, Butnariu M, Peana M, Sarac I, et al. Natural Compounds and Products from an Anti-Aging Perspective. Molecules. 2022;27(20):7084. DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207084; PMCID: PMC9610014; PMID: 36296673
5. Phaniendra A, Jestadi DB, Periyasamy L. Free radicals: properties, sources, targets, and their implication in various diseases. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2015;30(1):11-26. DOI: 10.1007/s12291-014-0446-0; PMCID: PMC4310837; PMID: 25646037
6. Lobo V, Patil A, Phatak A, Chandra N. Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods: Impact on human health. Pharmacogn Rev. 2010;4(8):118-26. DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.70902; PMCID: PMC3249911; PMID: 22228951
7. Michalak M. Plant-Derived Antioxidants: Significance in Skin Health and the Ageing Process. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(2):585. DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020585; PMCID: PMC8776015; PMID: 35054770
8. Moskwa J, Bronikowska M, Socha K, Markiewicz-Żukowska R. Vegetable as a Source of Bioactive Compounds with Photoprotective Properties: Implication in the Aging Process. Nutrients. 2023;15(16):3594. DOI: 10.3390/nu15163594; PMCID: PMC10459432; PMID: 37630784
9. Najm AA, Salih SA, Fazry S, Law D. Moderated mediation role of ethnicity on natural skin care products purchasing intention model among multicultural consumers. PLoS One. 2024;19(3):e0300376. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300376; PMCID: PMC10956806; PMID: 38512877
10. Justine AK, Kaur N, Savita, Pati PK. Biotechnological interventions in banana: current knowledge and future prospects. Heliyon. 2022;8(11):e11636. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11636; PMCID: PMC9676558; PMID: 36419664
11. Amanah NK, Mashudi S, Munawaroh S, Azzarin AW, karimah FN, Gunawan F. Exploring the Efficacy of Musa Cavendish Stem Extract (Mucase) as a Novel Wound Dressing: A Comparative Study With Sofratulle®. Cureus. 2024;16(2):e54411. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54411; PMCID: PMC10950323; PMID: 38505455
12. Karuppiah P, Mustaffa M. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Musa sp. leaf extracts against multidrug resistant clinical pathogens causing nosocomial infection. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2013;3(9):737-42. DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(13)60148-3; PMCID: PMC3757284; PMID: 23998016
13. Wibowo FS, Prasetyaningrum E. Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Batang Tanaman Pisang (Musa Paradisiacal) Sebagai Obat Antiacne Dalam Sediaan Gel Antiacne. J Ilmu Farmasi Farmasi Klinik. 2015;12(1):38–46. DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v12i1.1401
14. Dewi NLKAA, Yuda PESK, Suarnata IGA, Sasadara MMV. Uji In Vivo Tahap Preklinis Terhadap Ekstrak Batang Pisang (Musa Paradisiaca L.) Sebagai Antiinflamasi Topikal. J Riset Kefarmasian Indones. 2021;3(2):138–51. DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v3i2.129
15. Suhaela J, Nadjamuddin M, Amar MI, Wahyuni W. Formulasi dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan SPF (Sun Protection Factor) Serum Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Pisang Raja (Musa paradisiaca L). J Sains Kesehatan. 2023;5(6):915-24. DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i6.2118
16. Syarifah A, Budiman A, Nazilah SA. Formulation and Antioxidant Activity of Serum Gel of Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Musa x paradisiaca L. In: Wardaningsih S, Tamayo MDB, Thanee S, Natason A, Poblete MLO, Martin NM, editors. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Sustainable Innovation 2020–Health Science and Nursing (ICoSIHSN 2020). Paris: Atlantis Press; 2020. p.310-5. DOI: 10.2991/ahsr.k.210115.066
17. Palmer SE, Schloss KB. An ecological valence theory of human color preference. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107(19):8877-82. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0906172107; PMCID: PMC2889342; PMID: 20421475
18. Feron G, Ayed C, Qannari EM, Courcoux P, Laboure H, Guichard E. Understanding aroma release from model cheeses by a statistical multiblock approach on oral processing. PLoS One. 2014;9(4):e93113. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093113; PMCID: PMC3972224; PMID: 24691625
19. Wang H, Chen Y, Wang L, Liu Q, Yang S, Wang C. Advancing herbal medicine: enhancing product quality and safety through robust quality control practices. Front Pharmacol. 2023;14:1265178. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1265178; PMCID: PMC10561302; PMID: 37818188
20. Garre A, Narda M, Valderas-Martinez P, Piquero J, Granger C. Antiaging effects of a novel facial serum containing L-Ascorbic acid, proteoglycans, and proteoglycan-stimulating tripeptide: ex vivo skin explant studies and in vivo clinical studies in women. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2018;11:253-63. DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s161352; PMCID: PMC5985795; PMID: 29881301
21. Stephen ID, Smith MJL, Stirrat MR, Perrett DI. Facial Skin Coloration Affects Perceived Health of Human Faces. Int J Primatol. 2009;30(6):845-57. DOI: 10.1007/s10764-009-9380-z; PMCID: PMC2780675; PMID: 19946602
22. Ponphaiboon J, Krongrawa W, Aung WW, Chinatangkul N, Limmatvapirat S, Limmatvapirat C. Advances in Natural Product Extraction Techniques, Electrospun Fiber Fabrication, and the Integration of Experimental Design: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules. 2023;28(13):5163. DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135163; PMCID: PMC10343563; PMID: 37446825
23. Artami LAP, Sudiartha IK, Karma IGM. Calculation of the Cost of Production in Determining the Selling Price of Kelle Soap Products Sari Amertha Aan. J Appl Sci Account Fin Tax. 2021;4(2):173-8. DOI: 10.31940/jasafint.v4i2.173-178
24. Thomas D. Costs, Benefits, and Adoption of Additive Manufacturing: A Supply Chain Perspective. Int J Adv Manuf Technol. 2016;85(5-8):1857-76. DOI: 10.1007/s00170-015-7973-6; PMCID: PMC5524380; PMID: 28747809
25. Špacírová Z, Epstein D, García-Mochón L, Rovira J, Lima AOdL, Espín J. A general framework for classifying costing methods for economic evaluation of health care. Eur J Health Econ. 2020;21(4):529-42. DOI: 10.1007/s10198-019-01157-9; PMCID: PMC8149350; PMID: 31960181
26. Triwidatin Y. The Influence of Raw Materials and Direct Labor Costs on Profit Margin Ratio in UMKM Agan Cibinong, Bogor. J Fin Bus Digit. 2022;1(4):311-24. DOI: 10.55927/jfbd.v1i4.2172
27. Zhenjing G, Chupradit S, Ku KY, Nassani AA, Haffar M. Impact of Employees' Workplace Environment on Employees' Performance: A Multi-Mediation Model. Front Public Health. 2022;10:890400. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.890400; PMCID: PMC9136218; PMID: 35646787
28. Lismawati. Factory Overhead Cost Budget. Multidisc Output Res Actual Int Issue J. 2023;2(4):190-5. DOI: 10.54443/morfai.v3i2.850
29. Luo B, Li L, Sun Y. Understanding the Influence of Consumers' Perceived Value on Energy-Saving Products Purchase Intention. Front Psychol. 2022;12:640376. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.640376; PMCID: PMC8844988; PMID: 35178004
Authors
1.
Megawati F, Dewi NLKAA, Agustini NPD, Antara IPS, Ekayanti NLF, Darmayanti NW. Ethnobotanical Study and Hedonic Evaluation with Cost Analysis of Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) Stem Serum Preparation as an Anti-Aging Solution. Borneo J Pharm [Internet]. 2024May30 [cited 2024Nov.21];7(2):206-14. Available from: https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bjop/article/view/6872
Copyright (c) 2024 Fitria Megawati, Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi, Ni Putu Dewi Agustini, I Putu Satria Antara, Ni Luh Firda Ekayanti, Ni Wayan Darmayanti
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