Antiproliferative Potency of God’s Crown Fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa) Extract Against Breast Cancer Cell
Article Sidebar
Submitted
15 October 2021
15 October 2021
Published
30 November 2022
30 November 2022
Keywords:
Abstract
Breast cancer is a sickness caused by abnormal cell growth in the breast. Mahkota Dewa fruit or god’s crown fruit products (Phaleria macrocarpa) contain flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, and tannins associated with active compounds. This work directs to influence the potency of P. macrocarpa fruit as an antiproliferative agent against breast cancer cells (MCF-7 cells). The antiproliferative potency of P. macrocarpa fruit was proved by extracting and fractionating P. macrocarpa fruit using maceration. The cytotoxicity of extracts and fractions was determined using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The antiproliferative potency against MCF-7 cells was tested using the hemacytometer approach. This work demonstrates the crude ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction. The LC50 values in crude ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction were 13.72 ppm, 147.55 ppm, 405.81 ppm, and 149. 07 ppm severally. Phaleria macrocarpa fruit has shown antiproliferation potency against MCF-7 cells. The maximum part of crude ethanol extract antiproliferative potency (56 ppm) effectively suppressed MCF-7 cell growth by 70. 9% while doxorubicin (100 ppm) by 46. 92%. This work confirms that crude ethanol extract of P. macrocarpa fruit interacts synergistically as an antiproliferative compound against MCF-7 cells.
Full text article
Generated from XML file
References
1. Karidio ID, Sanlier SH. Reviewing cancer's biology: an eclectic approach. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst. 2021;33(1):32. doi:10.1186/s43046-021-00088-y
2. Park SY, Nam JS. The force awakens: metastatic dormant cancer cells. Exp Mol Med. 2020;52(4):569-81. doi:10.1038/s12276-020-0423-z
3. Bordonaro M. Hypothesis: Cancer Is a Disease of Evolved Trade-Offs Between Neoplastic Virulence and Transmission. J Cancer. 2018;9(10):1707-24. doi:10.7150/jca.24679
4. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209-49. doi:10.3322/caac.21660
5. Gondhowiardjo S, Christina N, Ganapati NPD, Hawariy S, Radityamurti F, Jayalie VF, et al. Five-Year Cancer Epidemiology at the National Referral Hospital: Hospital-Based Cancer Registry Data in Indonesia. JCO Glob Oncol. 2021;7:190-203. doi:10.1200/go.20.00155
6. Shah R, Rosso K, Nathanson SD. Pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. World J Clin Oncol. 2014;5(3):283-98. doi:10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.283
7. Comşa Ş, Cîmpean AM, Raica M. The Story of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line: 40 years of Experience in Research. Anticancer Res. 2015;35(6):3147-54.
8. Christina YI, Rifa’i M, Widodo N, Djati MS. Comparative Study of Antiproliferative Activity in Different Plant Parts of Phaleria macrocarpa and the Underlying Mechanism of Action. ScientificWorldJournal. 2022;2022:3992660. doi:10.1155/2022/3992660
9. Faried A, Bolly HMB, Septiani L, Kurnia D, Arifin MZ, Wirakusumah FF. Potential of Indonesian Herbal Medicine, Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl, for Targeting Multiple Malignancy Signaling Pathways: An Introductory Overview. Eur J Med Plants. 2015;11(2):1-17. doi:10.9734/EJMP/2016/20760
10. Altaf R, Asmawi MZB, Dewa A, Sadikun A, Umar MI. Phytochemistry and medicinal properties of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. Extracts. Pharmacogn Rev. 2013;7(13):73-80. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.112853
11. Lay MM, Karsani SA, Mohajer S, Malek SNA. Phytochemical constituents, nutritional values, phenolics, flavonols, flavonoids, antioxidant and cytotoxicity studies on Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl fruits. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014;14:152. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-14-152
12. Mahzir KAM, Gani SSA, Zaidan UH, Halmi MIE. Development of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl Fruits Using Response Surface Methodology Focused on Phenolics, Flavonoids and Antioxidant Properties. Molecules. 2018;23(4):724. doi:10.3390/molecules23040724
13. Lay MM, Karsani SA, Banisalam B, Mohajer S, Malek SNA. Antioxidants, phytochemicals, and cytotoxicity studies on Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl seeds. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:410184. doi:10.1155/2014/410184
14. Hendra R, Ahmad S, Oskoueian E, Sukari A, Shukor MY. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity of Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) Scheff Fruit. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2011;11:110. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-11-110
15. Kavitha N, Oon CE, Chen Y, Kanwar JR, Sasidharan S. Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) fruit induce G0/G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through mitochondria-mediated pathway in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell. J Ethnopharmacol. 2017;201:42-55. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.041
16. Pertamawati, Nuralih. Efek antiproliferasi ekstrak buah mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl.) terhadap sel kanker lestari hela dan THP 1. J Tumbuhan Obat Indones. 2012;5(1):1–8.
17. Ramadhan A, Lubis YM, Nasution SW, Nasution SLR, Girsang E, Nasution AN. Uji efektivitas ekstrak buah kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) dan ekstrak buah mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) sebagai nefroprotektor terhadap tikus yang diinduksi paracetamol. J Farmacia. 2019;1(1),8-15.
18. Rinayanti A, Dewanti E, Adelia MH. Uji efek antiinflamasi fraksi air daun mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Shecff.) Boerl.) terhadap tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus L.). Pharm Sci Res. 2014;1(2):78-85. doi:10.7454/psr.v1i2.3324
19. Hasim, Kurniawati SO, Priosoeryanto BP, Faridah DN, Puspita R. Antiproliferation activity of God’s crown fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa) extract and fractions against MCM-B2 breast cancer cells. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2020;10(3):52–8. doi:10.7324/JAPS.2020.103006
20. Syukri Y, Saepudin. Aktivitas Antikarsinogenesis Ekstrak Etanol Daging Buah Mahkota Dewa pada Mencit yang Diinduksi 7,12-Dimetilbenz(a)antrasena. J Ilmu Kefarmasian Indones. 2008;6(2):63-7.
21. Lukmandaru G, Gazidy AA. Bioaktivitas dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak batang mahkota dewa. J Ilmu Teknologi Kayu Tropis (J Trop Wood Sci Technol). 2016;14(2):114-26. doi:10.51850/jitkt.v14i2.225
22. Handayani IA, Eliyanoor B, Ulva DD. Perbandingan kadar flavonoid ekstrak buah mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa [Scheff] Boerl) secara maserasi dan perkolasi. J Ilmiah Ibnu Sina. 2016;1(1):79–87.
23. Arifianti L, Oktari RD, Kusumawati I. Pengaruh jenis pelarut pengekstraksi terhadap kadar sinensetin dalam esktrak daun Orthosiphon stamineus Bent. Planta Husada J Penelitian Tanaman Obat Indones. 2014; 2(1):1–4.
24. Abubakar AR, Haque M. Preparation of Medicinal Plants: Basic Extraction and Fractionation Procedures for Experimental Purposes. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2020;12(1):1-10. doi:10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_175_19
25. Pezzani R, Salehi B, Vitalini S, Iriti M, Zuñiga FA, Sharifi-Rad J, et al. Synergistic Effects of Plant Derivatives and Conventional Chemotherapeutic Agents: An Update on the Cancer Perspective. Medicina. 2019;55(4):110. doi:10.3390/medicina55040110
26. Sun Y, Liu Y, Ma X, Hu H. The Influence of Cell Cycle Regulation on Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(13):6923. doi:10.3390/ijms22136923
27. Parasuraman S. Toxicological screening. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2011;2(2):74-9. doi:10.4103/0976-500x.81895
28. Thorn CF, Oshiro C, Marsh S, Hernandez-Boussard T, McLeod H, Klein TE, et al. Doxorubicin pathways: pharmacodynamics and adverse effects. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2011;21(7):440-6. doi:10.1097/fpc.0b013e32833ffb56
29. Sugiwati S, Setiasih S, Afifah E. Antihyperglycemic Activity of the Mahkota Dewa Leaf Extracts as an Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor. Makara J Health Res. 2009;13(2):74-8. doi:10.7454/msk.v13i2.364
30. Altemimi A, Lakhssassi N, Baharlouei A, Watson DG, Lighfoot DA. Phytochemicals: Extraction, Isolation, and Identification of Bioactive Compounds from Plant Extracts. Plants. 2017;6(4):42. doi:10.3390/plants6040042
31. Astutiningsih C, Nuzulia F, Suprijono A. Isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa alkaloid buah mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) secara spektrofotometri Uv-Vis dan IR serta uji toksisitas akut terhadap larva Artemia salina Leach. J Farmasi Sains Komunitas JFSK. 2012;9(2):66-70. doi:10.24071/jpsc.9272
32. Mokhtari RB, Homayouni TS, Baluch N, Morgatskaya E, Kumar S, Das B, et al. Combination therapy in combating cancer. Oncotarget. 2017;8(23):38022-43. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.16723
33. Yarnell E. Synergy in Herbal Medicines: Part 1. J Restor Med. 2015;4(1):60-73. doi:10.14200/jrm.2015.4.0104
34. Gengaihi SE, Ella FMA, Emad MH, Emad S, Doha H. Antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds from different grape wastes. J Food Process Technol. 2014;5(2):1000296. doi:10.4172/2157-7110.1000296
Read More
2. Park SY, Nam JS. The force awakens: metastatic dormant cancer cells. Exp Mol Med. 2020;52(4):569-81. doi:10.1038/s12276-020-0423-z
3. Bordonaro M. Hypothesis: Cancer Is a Disease of Evolved Trade-Offs Between Neoplastic Virulence and Transmission. J Cancer. 2018;9(10):1707-24. doi:10.7150/jca.24679
4. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209-49. doi:10.3322/caac.21660
5. Gondhowiardjo S, Christina N, Ganapati NPD, Hawariy S, Radityamurti F, Jayalie VF, et al. Five-Year Cancer Epidemiology at the National Referral Hospital: Hospital-Based Cancer Registry Data in Indonesia. JCO Glob Oncol. 2021;7:190-203. doi:10.1200/go.20.00155
6. Shah R, Rosso K, Nathanson SD. Pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. World J Clin Oncol. 2014;5(3):283-98. doi:10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.283
7. Comşa Ş, Cîmpean AM, Raica M. The Story of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line: 40 years of Experience in Research. Anticancer Res. 2015;35(6):3147-54.
8. Christina YI, Rifa’i M, Widodo N, Djati MS. Comparative Study of Antiproliferative Activity in Different Plant Parts of Phaleria macrocarpa and the Underlying Mechanism of Action. ScientificWorldJournal. 2022;2022:3992660. doi:10.1155/2022/3992660
9. Faried A, Bolly HMB, Septiani L, Kurnia D, Arifin MZ, Wirakusumah FF. Potential of Indonesian Herbal Medicine, Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl, for Targeting Multiple Malignancy Signaling Pathways: An Introductory Overview. Eur J Med Plants. 2015;11(2):1-17. doi:10.9734/EJMP/2016/20760
10. Altaf R, Asmawi MZB, Dewa A, Sadikun A, Umar MI. Phytochemistry and medicinal properties of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. Extracts. Pharmacogn Rev. 2013;7(13):73-80. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.112853
11. Lay MM, Karsani SA, Mohajer S, Malek SNA. Phytochemical constituents, nutritional values, phenolics, flavonols, flavonoids, antioxidant and cytotoxicity studies on Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl fruits. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014;14:152. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-14-152
12. Mahzir KAM, Gani SSA, Zaidan UH, Halmi MIE. Development of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl Fruits Using Response Surface Methodology Focused on Phenolics, Flavonoids and Antioxidant Properties. Molecules. 2018;23(4):724. doi:10.3390/molecules23040724
13. Lay MM, Karsani SA, Banisalam B, Mohajer S, Malek SNA. Antioxidants, phytochemicals, and cytotoxicity studies on Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl seeds. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:410184. doi:10.1155/2014/410184
14. Hendra R, Ahmad S, Oskoueian E, Sukari A, Shukor MY. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity of Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) Scheff Fruit. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2011;11:110. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-11-110
15. Kavitha N, Oon CE, Chen Y, Kanwar JR, Sasidharan S. Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) fruit induce G0/G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through mitochondria-mediated pathway in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell. J Ethnopharmacol. 2017;201:42-55. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.041
16. Pertamawati, Nuralih. Efek antiproliferasi ekstrak buah mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl.) terhadap sel kanker lestari hela dan THP 1. J Tumbuhan Obat Indones. 2012;5(1):1–8.
17. Ramadhan A, Lubis YM, Nasution SW, Nasution SLR, Girsang E, Nasution AN. Uji efektivitas ekstrak buah kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) dan ekstrak buah mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) sebagai nefroprotektor terhadap tikus yang diinduksi paracetamol. J Farmacia. 2019;1(1),8-15.
18. Rinayanti A, Dewanti E, Adelia MH. Uji efek antiinflamasi fraksi air daun mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Shecff.) Boerl.) terhadap tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus L.). Pharm Sci Res. 2014;1(2):78-85. doi:10.7454/psr.v1i2.3324
19. Hasim, Kurniawati SO, Priosoeryanto BP, Faridah DN, Puspita R. Antiproliferation activity of God’s crown fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa) extract and fractions against MCM-B2 breast cancer cells. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2020;10(3):52–8. doi:10.7324/JAPS.2020.103006
20. Syukri Y, Saepudin. Aktivitas Antikarsinogenesis Ekstrak Etanol Daging Buah Mahkota Dewa pada Mencit yang Diinduksi 7,12-Dimetilbenz(a)antrasena. J Ilmu Kefarmasian Indones. 2008;6(2):63-7.
21. Lukmandaru G, Gazidy AA. Bioaktivitas dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak batang mahkota dewa. J Ilmu Teknologi Kayu Tropis (J Trop Wood Sci Technol). 2016;14(2):114-26. doi:10.51850/jitkt.v14i2.225
22. Handayani IA, Eliyanoor B, Ulva DD. Perbandingan kadar flavonoid ekstrak buah mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa [Scheff] Boerl) secara maserasi dan perkolasi. J Ilmiah Ibnu Sina. 2016;1(1):79–87.
23. Arifianti L, Oktari RD, Kusumawati I. Pengaruh jenis pelarut pengekstraksi terhadap kadar sinensetin dalam esktrak daun Orthosiphon stamineus Bent. Planta Husada J Penelitian Tanaman Obat Indones. 2014; 2(1):1–4.
24. Abubakar AR, Haque M. Preparation of Medicinal Plants: Basic Extraction and Fractionation Procedures for Experimental Purposes. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2020;12(1):1-10. doi:10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_175_19
25. Pezzani R, Salehi B, Vitalini S, Iriti M, Zuñiga FA, Sharifi-Rad J, et al. Synergistic Effects of Plant Derivatives and Conventional Chemotherapeutic Agents: An Update on the Cancer Perspective. Medicina. 2019;55(4):110. doi:10.3390/medicina55040110
26. Sun Y, Liu Y, Ma X, Hu H. The Influence of Cell Cycle Regulation on Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(13):6923. doi:10.3390/ijms22136923
27. Parasuraman S. Toxicological screening. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2011;2(2):74-9. doi:10.4103/0976-500x.81895
28. Thorn CF, Oshiro C, Marsh S, Hernandez-Boussard T, McLeod H, Klein TE, et al. Doxorubicin pathways: pharmacodynamics and adverse effects. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2011;21(7):440-6. doi:10.1097/fpc.0b013e32833ffb56
29. Sugiwati S, Setiasih S, Afifah E. Antihyperglycemic Activity of the Mahkota Dewa Leaf Extracts as an Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor. Makara J Health Res. 2009;13(2):74-8. doi:10.7454/msk.v13i2.364
30. Altemimi A, Lakhssassi N, Baharlouei A, Watson DG, Lighfoot DA. Phytochemicals: Extraction, Isolation, and Identification of Bioactive Compounds from Plant Extracts. Plants. 2017;6(4):42. doi:10.3390/plants6040042
31. Astutiningsih C, Nuzulia F, Suprijono A. Isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa alkaloid buah mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) secara spektrofotometri Uv-Vis dan IR serta uji toksisitas akut terhadap larva Artemia salina Leach. J Farmasi Sains Komunitas JFSK. 2012;9(2):66-70. doi:10.24071/jpsc.9272
32. Mokhtari RB, Homayouni TS, Baluch N, Morgatskaya E, Kumar S, Das B, et al. Combination therapy in combating cancer. Oncotarget. 2017;8(23):38022-43. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.16723
33. Yarnell E. Synergy in Herbal Medicines: Part 1. J Restor Med. 2015;4(1):60-73. doi:10.14200/jrm.2015.4.0104
34. Gengaihi SE, Ella FMA, Emad MH, Emad S, Doha H. Antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds from different grape wastes. J Food Process Technol. 2014;5(2):1000296. doi:10.4172/2157-7110.1000296
Authors
1.
Hasim H, Mantik YA, Husnawati H, Priosoeryanto BP, Puspita R. Antiproliferative Potency of God’s Crown Fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa) Extract Against Breast Cancer Cell. Borneo J Pharm [Internet]. 2022Nov.30 [cited 2025Apr.16];5(4):307-14. Available from: https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bjop/article/view/2822
Copyright (c) 2022 Hasim Hasim, Yonathan Arderian Mantik, Husnawati Husnawati, Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto, Ratna Puspita
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors continue to retain the copyright to the article if the article is published in the Borneo Journal of Pharmacy. They will also retain the publishing rights to the article without any restrictions.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Any article on the copyright is retained by the author(s).
- The author grants the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share work with an acknowledgment of the work authors and initial publications in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of published articles (e.g., post-institutional repository) or publish them in a book, with acknowledgment of their initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their websites) prior to and during the submission process. This can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citations of published work.
- The article and any associated published material are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Article Details
