Purple Yam (Dioscorea alata) Extract Increasing Dopamine Levels and Improving the Brain's Microscopic Features in Parkinson's Model Mice

Sapto Yuliani (1) , Dwi Utami (2) , Laela Hayu Nurani (3) , Muhammad Marwan Ramadhan (4) , Nadia Putri Ainiyah (5) , Mochammad Saiful Bachri (6) , Wahyu Widyaningsih (7) , Danang Prasetyaning Amukti (8)
(1) Universitas Ahmad Dahlan , Indonesia
(2) Universitas Ahmad Dahlan , Indonesia
(3) Universitas Ahmad Dahlan , Indonesia
(4) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Samarinda , Indonesia
(5) Universitas Ahmad Dahlan , Indonesia
(6) Universitas Ahmad Dahlan , Indonesia
(7) Universitas Ahmad Dahlan , Indonesia
(8) Universitas Alma Ata , Indonesia

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder, that causes progressive motor issues from the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Purple yam (Dioscorea alata), rich in anthocyanins, shows promise as a natural antioxidant and neuroprotectant. This study investigated the antiparkinsonian effects of D. alata extract on dopamine levels and brain microscopic features in a haloperidol-induced PD mouse model. Thirty-five male mice were randomly allocated into seven groups: normal (CMC-Na and aqua pro injection), haloperidol-induced negative control (CMC-Na), positive control (levodopa 39 mg/kgBW), curcumin (200 mg/kgBW), and D. alata extract-treated groups (100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW). Treatments were administered daily for seven days. On day 8, all groups, except the normal control, received an intraperitoneal injection of haloperidol (2 mg/kgBW) to induce Parkinsonism. Three hours post-haloperidol injection, dopamine levels were measured from orbital vein blood. Subsequently, brains were harvested for histological examination of the SNpc using Toluidine blue staining. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by LSD post-hoc tests. The 400 mg/kgBW dose of D. alata extracts significantly increased dopamine levels (p<0.05) compared to the negative control group. Microscopic analysis of the SNpc in mice treated with 400 mg/kgBW extract revealed preserved, dark, and solid neuronal morphology, with significantly higher scoring results (p<0.05) when compared to the levodopa-treated group. These findings suggest that D. alata extract, particularly at a dose of 400 mg/kgBW, exhibits potential antiparkinsonian activity by elevating dopamine levels and mitigating dopaminergic neuronal damage in a haloperidol-induced PD mouse model.

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Authors

Sapto Yuliani
sapto.yuliani@pharm.uad.ac.id (Primary Contact)
Dwi Utami
Nadia Putri Ainiyah
Author Biographies

Sapto Yuliani, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Dwi Utami, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Laela Hayu Nurani, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Muhammad Marwan Ramadhan, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Samarinda

Department of Pharmacy, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Samarinda, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Nadia Putri Ainiyah, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Mochammad Saiful Bachri, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Wahyu Widyaningsih, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Danang Prasetyaning Amukti, Universitas Alma Ata

Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Alma Ata, Bantul, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

1.
Yuliani S, Utami D, Nurani LH, Ramadhan MM, Ainiyah NP, Bachri MS, Widyaningsih W, Amukti DP. Purple Yam (Dioscorea alata) Extract Increasing Dopamine Levels and Improving the Brain’s Microscopic Features in Parkinson’s Model Mice. Borneo J Pharm [Internet]. 2025May30 [cited 2025Jul.29];8(2):127-34. Available from: https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bjop/article/view/7267

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