Evaluation of Biochemical Parameters of Rats Fed with Corn Flour Supplemented with Cricket (Acheta gossypii) Proteins
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Submitted
11 September 2019
11 September 2019
Published
30 November 2019
30 November 2019
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Abstract
African staple diets are mainly of protein-deficient corn. Dried yellow corn was fermented, dried, ground and supplemented with 5% and 10% of cricket (Acheta gossypii) flour. A standard diet of 5% and 10% soybean proteins-based corn flour was also prepared. The diets were fed to albino rats for four weeks. Standard methods for the serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), total proteins (TP), and albumin were determined in albino rats using 5% and 10% soybean supplemented corn diets as standard diets. The serum levels of ALP, AST, ALP, TP, and albumin in the rats fed with cricket supplemented diets were in the range of the normal healthy animals but were significantly different from the cornflour and soybean supplemented diets such that the ALP and AST values of the rats fed on the cornflour significantly decreased over the soybean supplemented and cricket supplemented experimental diets. The ALT activity, TP, and albumin levels of the rats fed the cornflour, and the soybean supplemented diets were significantly lower than those fed on the cricket protein supplemented diet (p <0.05). Supplementing corn with crickets has shown improvement in the nutritional quality of corn, therefore, may be used to solve the malnutrition
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Musundire, R., Zvidzai, C.J., Chidewe, C., Samende, B.K. 2014. Nutrient and anti-nutrient composition of Henicus whellani (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae), an edible ground cricket, in south-eastern Zimbabwe. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science. 34(4):223-231. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758414000484
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Oonincx, D.G.A.B., van Broekhoven, S., van Huis, A., van Loon, J.J.A. 2015. Feed Conversion, Survival and Development, and Composition of Four Insect Species on Diets Composed of Food By-Products. PLoS One. 10(12):e0144601. https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144601
Rumpold, B.A., Schlüter, O.K. 2013. Potential and challenges of insects as an innovative source for food and feed production. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies. 17:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2012.11.005
Schrogel, P., Watjen, W. 2019. Insects for Food and Feed-Safety Aspects Related to Mycotoxins and Metals. Foods. 8(8):288. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8080288
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Semba, R.D. 2016. The rise and fall of protein malnutrition in global health. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism. 69(2):79-88. https://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449175
Seralini, G.E., Cellier, D., de Vendomois, J.S. 2007. New analysis of a rat feeding study with a genetically modified maize reveals signs of hepatorenal toxicity. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 52(4):596-602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-006-0149-5
Stull, V.J., Finer, E., Bergmans, R.S., Febvre, H.P., Longhurst, C., Manter, D.K., Patz, J.A., Weir, T.L. 2018. Impact of Edible Cricket Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Healthy Adults, a Double-blind, Randomized Crossover Trial. Scientific Reports. 8:10762. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29032-2
Tacoli, C. 2017. Food (In)Security in Rapidly Urbanising, Low-Income Contexts. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 14(12):1554. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14121554
Wolfe, R.R., Rutherfurd, S.M., Kim, I.Y., Moughan , P.J. 2016. Protein quality as determined by the Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score: evaluation of factors underlying the calculation. Nutrition Reviews. 74(9):584-599. https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuw022
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Chadare, F.J., Idohou, R., Nago, E., Affonfere, M., Agossadou, J., Fassinou, T.K., Kenou, C., Honfo, S., Azokpota, P., Linneman, A.R., Hounhouigan, D.J. 2019. Conventional and food‐to‐food fortification: An appraisal of past practices and lessons learned. Food Science & Nutrition. 7(9):2781-2795. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1133
Chauynarong, N., Elangovan, A.V., Iji, P.A. 2009. The potential of cassava products in diets for poultry. World's Poultry Science Journal. 65(1):23-36. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043933909000026
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2019. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019. Safeguarding against economic slowdowns and downturns. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Gu, C., Pan, H., Sun, Z., Qin, G. 2010. Effect of Soybean Variety on Anti-Nutritional Factors Content, and Growth Performance and Nutrients Metabolism in Rat. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 11(3):1048-1056. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms11031048
Gunaratna, N.S., Moges, D., Groote, H.D. 2019. Biofortified Maize Can Improve Quality Protein Intakes among Young Children in Southern Ethiopia. Nutrients. 11(1):192. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11010192
Hanboonsong, Y., Durst, P.B. 2014. Edible insects in Lao PDR: building on tradition to enhance food security. Bangkok: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific.
Havlik, P., Valin, H., Herrero, M., Obersteiner, M., Schmid, E., Rufino, M.C., Mosnier, A., Thornton, P.K., Bottcher, H., Conant, R.T., Frank, S., Fritz, S., Fuss, S., Kraxner, F., Notenbaert, A. 2014. Climate change mitigation through livestock system transitions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 111(10):3709-3714. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1308044111
Henchion, M., Hayes, M., Mullen, A.M., Fenelon, M., Tiwari, B. 2017. Future Protein Supply and Demand: Strategies and Factors Influencing a Sustainable Equilibrium. Foods. 6(7):53. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods6070053
van Huis, A. 2013. Potential of insects as food and feed in assuring food security. Annual Review of Entomology. 58:563-583. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153704
van Huis, A., Itterbeeck, J.V., Klunder, H., Mertens, E., Halloran, A., Muir, G., Vantomme, P. 2013. Edible insects: future prospects for food and feed security. FAO Forestry Paper 171. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
van Huis, A., Oonincx, D.G.A.B. 2017. The environmental sustainability of insects as food and feed. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 37:43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-017-0452-8
Kearney, J. 2010. Food consumption trends and drivers. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 365(1554):2793-2807. https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0149
Kelemu, S., Niassy, S., Torto, B., Fiaboe, K., Affognon, H., Tonnang, H., Maniania, N.K., Ekesi, S. 2015. African edible insects for food and feed: inventory, diversity, commonalities and contribution to food security. Journal of Insects as Food and Feed. 1(2):103-119. https://doi.org/10.3920/JIFF2014.0016
Kim, T.K., Yong, H.I., Kim, Y.B., Kim, H.W., Choi, Y.S. 2019. Edible Insects as a Protein Source: A Review of Public Perception, Processing Technology, and Research Trends. Food Science of Animal Resources. 39(4):521-540. https://dx.doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2019.e53
Kimani-Murage, E.W., Schofield, L., Wekesah, F., Mohamed, S., Mberu, B., Ettarh, R., Egondi, T., Kyobutungi, C., Ezeh, A. 2014. Vulnerability to Food Insecurity in Urban Slums: Experiences from Nairobi, Kenya. Journal of Urban Health. 91(6):1098-1113. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11524-014-9894-3
Kong, D.Y., Park, J.H., Lee, K.W., Park, H., Cho, J.A. 2016. Comparative Analysis of 3 Experimental Mouse Model for Blood Hematology and Chemistry. Biomedical Science Letters. 22:75-82. https://doi.org/10.15616/BSL.2016.22.3.75
Lee, D., Albenberg, L., Compher, C, Baldassano, R., Piccoli, D., Lewis, J.D., Wu, G.D. 2015. Diet in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Gastroenterology. 148(6):1087-1106. https://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2015.01.007
Musundire, R., Zvidzai, C.J., Chidewe, C., Samende, B.K. 2014. Nutrient and anti-nutrient composition of Henicus whellani (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae), an edible ground cricket, in south-eastern Zimbabwe. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science. 34(4):223-231. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758414000484
Nuss, E.T., Tanumihardjo, S.A. 2011. Quality Protein Maize for Africa: Closing the Protein Inadequacy Gap in Vulnerable Populations. Advances in Nutrition. 2(3):217-224. https://dx.doi.org/10.3945/an.110.000182
Oonincx, D.G.A.B., van Broekhoven, S., van Huis, A., van Loon, J.J.A. 2015. Feed Conversion, Survival and Development, and Composition of Four Insect Species on Diets Composed of Food By-Products. PLoS One. 10(12):e0144601. https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144601
Rumpold, B.A., Schlüter, O.K. 2013. Potential and challenges of insects as an innovative source for food and feed production. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies. 17:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2012.11.005
Schrogel, P., Watjen, W. 2019. Insects for Food and Feed-Safety Aspects Related to Mycotoxins and Metals. Foods. 8(8):288. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8080288
Sebastiani, G., Barbero, A.H., Borras-Novell, C., Casanova, M.A., Aldecao-Bilbao, V., Andreu-Fernandez, V., Tutusaus, M.P., Martinez, S.F., Roig, M.D.G., Garcia-Algar, O. 2019. The Effects of Vegetarian and Vegan Diet during Pregnancy on the Health of Mothers and Offspring. Nutrients. 11(3):557. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11030557
Semba, R.D. 2016. The rise and fall of protein malnutrition in global health. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism. 69(2):79-88. https://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449175
Seralini, G.E., Cellier, D., de Vendomois, J.S. 2007. New analysis of a rat feeding study with a genetically modified maize reveals signs of hepatorenal toxicity. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 52(4):596-602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-006-0149-5
Stull, V.J., Finer, E., Bergmans, R.S., Febvre, H.P., Longhurst, C., Manter, D.K., Patz, J.A., Weir, T.L. 2018. Impact of Edible Cricket Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Healthy Adults, a Double-blind, Randomized Crossover Trial. Scientific Reports. 8:10762. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29032-2
Tacoli, C. 2017. Food (In)Security in Rapidly Urbanising, Low-Income Contexts. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 14(12):1554. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14121554
Wolfe, R.R., Rutherfurd, S.M., Kim, I.Y., Moughan , P.J. 2016. Protein quality as determined by the Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score: evaluation of factors underlying the calculation. Nutrition Reviews. 74(9):584-599. https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuw022
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1.
Ehoche EE, Helmina A, Sherifat AF. Evaluation of Biochemical Parameters of Rats Fed with Corn Flour Supplemented with Cricket (Acheta gossypii) Proteins. Borneo J Pharm [Internet]. 2019Nov.30 [cited 2025Apr.6];2(2):41-7. Available from: https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bjop/article/view/982
Copyright (c) 2019 Elijah Edache Ehoche, Akanya Helmina, Adefolalu Funmilola Sherifat
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