Formulation of Anti Acne Loose Powder of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) Ethanol Extract
Article Sidebar
Submitted
18 January 2022
Published
31 May 2022
Keywords:
-
Acne, Bawang dayak, Eleutherine bulbosa, Loose powder, Medicinal plant
Abstract
Bawang dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb is one of the notable Iridaceae family, originating from Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Previous studies have reported that E. bulbosa ethanol extract and its cream preparation have antibacterial properties that can inhibit the growth of acne-causing bacteria and cause no significant skin adverse reaction. This study aimed to make a loose powder preparation from E. bulbosa ethanol extract and determine its physical evaluation and antibacterial activity. Loose powder formulation was made with various concentrations of E. bulbosa ethanol extract, F0 (0%), F1 (5%), F2 (10%), and F3 (15%). Loose powder evaluates for organoleptic, homogeneity, and antibacterial activity by the disc diffusion method. The results show that E. bulbosa ethanol extract can produce a loose powder formulation. The color of the formula is rather yellow (F0), brown-ash (F1), and light brown (F2 and F3), which has a typical mint odor, smooth texture, and homogeneous. All formulations inhibited the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. This present study showed the potential of Formula 3 (F3) as an anti-acne loose powder due to its organoleptic properties, homogeneity, and antibacterial activity, which has the largest inhibition zone diameter of 17.6 ± 3.1 mm.
Full text article
Generated from XML file
References
1. Xu H, Li H. Acne, the Skin Microbiome, and Antibiotic Treatment. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2019;20(3):335-44. doi:10.1007/s40257-018-00417-3
2. McLaughin J, Watterson S, Layton AM, Bjourson AJ, Barnard E, McDowell A. Propionibacterium acnes and Acne Vulgaris: New Insights from the Integration of Population Genetic, Multi-Omic, Biochemical and Host-Microbe Studies. Microorganisms. 2019;7(5):128. doi:10.3390/microorganisms7050128
3. Fodter TJ. Surface Proteins of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Front Microbiol. 2020;11:1829. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01829
4. Khorvash F, Abdi F, Kashani HH, Naeini FF, Narimani T. Staphylococcus aureus in Acne Pathogenesis: A Case-Control Study. N Am J Med Sci. 2012;4(11):573-6. doi:10.4103/1947-2714.103317
5. Blaskovich MAT, Elliott AG, Kavanagh AM, Ramu S, Cooper MA. In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Acne Drugs Against Skin-Associated Bacteria. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):14658. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50746-4
6. Nasri H, Bahmani M, Shahinfard N, Nafchi AM, Saberianpour S, Kopaei MR. Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: A Review of Recent Evidences. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015;8(11):e25580. doi:10.5812/jjm.25580
7. Kamarudin AA, Sayuti NH, Saad N, Razak NAA, Esa NM. Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb. Bulb: Review of the Pharmacological Activities and Its Prospects for Application. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(13):6747. doi:10.3390/ijms22136747
8. Wiendy NMA, Maulida N, Krisantini K. Biology and Bulb Production of Eleutherine bulbosa (Iridaceae), a Native Species from Borneo, Indonesia. Ornam Hortic. 2021;27(2):232-7. doi:10.1590/2447-536X.v27i2.2269
9. Novaryatiin S, Pratiwi AM, Ardhany SD. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Anterior J. 2018;18(1):92-7. doi:10.33084/anterior.v18i1.392
10. Novaryatiin S, Ramli A, Ardhany SD. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. J Surya Medika. 2019;4(2):51-9. doi:10.33084/jsm.v4i2.565
11. Novaryatiin S, Ardhany SD. The Antibacterial Activity of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) from Central Kalimantan Against Acne-Causing Bacteria. Int J App Pharm. 2019;11(5):22-5. doi:10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s5.T0032
12. Novaryatiin S, Ardhany SD. Potential Anti-acne: Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) from Central Kalimantan-Indonesia. Pharmacogn J. 2020;12(1):52-7. doi:10.5530/pj.2020.12.9
13. Ardhany SD, Novaryatiin S. 2019. Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extract Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) in Cream Against Propionibacterium acnes. Int J App Pharm. 2019;11(5):1-4. doi:10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s5.T0020
14. Ardhany SD, Putra CD, Novaryatiin S. Modification of Anti-acne Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine Bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) Cream to Propionibacterium Acnes. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2021;12(1):94-8. doi:10.4103/japtr.JAPTR_107_20
15. Ardhany SD, Effendie RR, Novaryatiin S. Uji Iritasi Formulasi Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) pada Kelinci Albino Putih. J Surya Medika. 2019;5(1):63-9. doi:10.33084/jsm.v5i1.946
16. Ardhany SDA, Novaryatiin S, Pratama MRF, Utar Z. Irritation Test of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine Bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) Extract Cream with Human Patch Test Method. J Farmasi Sains Praktis. 2021;7(1):74-80. doi:10.31603/pharmacy.v7i1.4854
17. Fox L, Csongradi C, Aucamp M, du Plessis J, Gerber M. Treatment Modalities for Acne. Molecules. 2016;21(8):1063. doi:10.3390/molecules21081063
18. Bamford E, Grahn A, Århammar C, Ajaxon I, Annerén C. Mesoporous magnesium carbonate for use in powder cosmetics. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2021;43(1):57-67. doi:10.1111/ics.12670
19. Gallo L, Ramírez-Rigo MV, Piña J, Palma S, Allemandi D, Bucalá V. Valeriana officinalis Dry Plant Extract for Direct Compression: Preparation and Characterization. Sci Pharm. 2012;80(4):1013-26. doi:10.3797/scipharm.1206-05
20. Inoue Y, Suzuki K, Maeda R, Shimura A, Murata I, Kanamoto I. Evaluation of formulation properties and skin penetration in the same additive-containing formulation. Results Pharma Sci. 2014;4:42-9. doi:10.1016/j.rinphs.2014.09.003
21. Dewi AP, Mardhiyani D. Formulation and Antibacterial Activity of Liquid Soap Containing Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) Leaves Extract. Borneo J Pharm. 2021;4(1):43-50. doi:10.33084/bjop.v4i1.1589
22. Marianni B, Polonini H, Oliveira MAL. Ensuring Homogeneity in Powder Mixtures for Pharmaceuticals and Dietary Supplements: Evaluation of a 3-Axis Mixing Equipment. Pharmaceutics. 2021;13(4):563. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13040563
23. Davis WW, Stout TR. Disc Plate Method of Microbiological Antibiotic Assay: I. Factors Influencing Variability and Error. Appl Microbiol. 1971;22(4):659-65. doi:10.1128/am.22.4.659-665.1971
24. Shahbazi Y. Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of Methanolic Extracts of Apple (Malus pumila), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and Common Fig (Ficus carica L.) Fruits. Pharm Sci. 2017;24(4):308-15. doi:10.15171/PS.2017.45
25. Ouchari L, Boukeskasse A, Bouizgarne B, Ouhdouch Y. Antimicrobial Potential of Actinomycetes Isolated from The Unexplored Hot Merzouga Desert and Their Taxonomic Diversity. Biol Open. 2019;8(2):bio035410. doi:10.1242/bio.035410
26. Pratama MRF, Aziz IR. Molecular Docking of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa) Secondary Metabolites as Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitor. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Science and Technology; 2019 May 2-3; Makassar, Indonesia. Ghent: EAI; 2019. doi:10.4108/eai.2-5-2019.2284686
27. Thawabteh A, Juma S, Bader M, Karaman D, Scrano L, Bufo SA, et al. The Biological Activity of Natural Alkaloids Against Herbivores, Cancerous Cells and Pathogens. Toxins. 2019;11(11):656. doi:10.3390/toxins11110656
28. Khameneh B, Iranshahy M, Soheili V, Bazzaz BSF. Review on Plant Antimicrobials: A Mechanistic Viewpoint. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2019;8:118. doi:10.1186/s13756-019-0559-6
29. Dong S, Yang X, Zhao L, Zhang F, Hou Z, Xue P. Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Action Saponins from Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Husks Against Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria. Ind Crop Prod. 2020;149:112350. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112350
30. Kurhekar JV. Tannins-Antimicrobial Chemical Components. Int J Technol Sci. 2016;9(3):5-9.
31. Maisetta G, Batoni G, Caboni P, Esin S, Rinaldi AC, Zucca P. Tannin Profile, Antioxidant Properties, and Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Two Mediterranean Species of Parasitic Plant Cytinus. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019;19:82. doi:10.1186/s12906-019-2487-7
32. Rasydy LOA, Supriyanta J, Novita D. Formulasi Ekstrak Etanol 96% Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle L.) dalam Bedak Tabur Anti Jerawat dan Uji Aktivitas Antiacne Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. J Farmagazine. 2019;6(2):18-26. doi:10.47653/farm.v6i2.142
33. Gupta M, Mahajan VK, Mehta KS, Chauhan PS. Zinc therapy in dermatology: a review. Dermatol Res Pract. 2014;2014:709152. doi:10.1155/2014/709152
34. Chaleshtori SAH, Kachoie MA, Jazi SMH. Antibacterial Effects of The Methanolic Extract of Glycine Max (Soybean). Microbiol Res. 2017;8(2):7319. doi: https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2017.7319
35. Dhayakaran R, Neethirajan S, Weng X.Investigation of The Antimicrobial Activity of Soy Peptides by Developing a High Throughput Drug Screening Assay. Biochem Biophys Rep. 2016;6:149-57. doi:10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.04.001
36. Yüksel AK, Dikici E, Yüksel M, Işık M, Tozoğlu F, Köksal E. Phytochemical, Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant, Anticholinergic and Antibacterial Properties of Epilobium angustifolium (Onagraceae). J Food Meas Charact. 2021;15(6):4858–67. doi:10.1007/s11694-021-01050-1
2. McLaughin J, Watterson S, Layton AM, Bjourson AJ, Barnard E, McDowell A. Propionibacterium acnes and Acne Vulgaris: New Insights from the Integration of Population Genetic, Multi-Omic, Biochemical and Host-Microbe Studies. Microorganisms. 2019;7(5):128. doi:10.3390/microorganisms7050128
3. Fodter TJ. Surface Proteins of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Front Microbiol. 2020;11:1829. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01829
4. Khorvash F, Abdi F, Kashani HH, Naeini FF, Narimani T. Staphylococcus aureus in Acne Pathogenesis: A Case-Control Study. N Am J Med Sci. 2012;4(11):573-6. doi:10.4103/1947-2714.103317
5. Blaskovich MAT, Elliott AG, Kavanagh AM, Ramu S, Cooper MA. In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Acne Drugs Against Skin-Associated Bacteria. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):14658. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50746-4
6. Nasri H, Bahmani M, Shahinfard N, Nafchi AM, Saberianpour S, Kopaei MR. Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: A Review of Recent Evidences. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015;8(11):e25580. doi:10.5812/jjm.25580
7. Kamarudin AA, Sayuti NH, Saad N, Razak NAA, Esa NM. Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb. Bulb: Review of the Pharmacological Activities and Its Prospects for Application. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(13):6747. doi:10.3390/ijms22136747
8. Wiendy NMA, Maulida N, Krisantini K. Biology and Bulb Production of Eleutherine bulbosa (Iridaceae), a Native Species from Borneo, Indonesia. Ornam Hortic. 2021;27(2):232-7. doi:10.1590/2447-536X.v27i2.2269
9. Novaryatiin S, Pratiwi AM, Ardhany SD. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Anterior J. 2018;18(1):92-7. doi:10.33084/anterior.v18i1.392
10. Novaryatiin S, Ramli A, Ardhany SD. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. J Surya Medika. 2019;4(2):51-9. doi:10.33084/jsm.v4i2.565
11. Novaryatiin S, Ardhany SD. The Antibacterial Activity of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) from Central Kalimantan Against Acne-Causing Bacteria. Int J App Pharm. 2019;11(5):22-5. doi:10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s5.T0032
12. Novaryatiin S, Ardhany SD. Potential Anti-acne: Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) from Central Kalimantan-Indonesia. Pharmacogn J. 2020;12(1):52-7. doi:10.5530/pj.2020.12.9
13. Ardhany SD, Novaryatiin S. 2019. Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extract Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) in Cream Against Propionibacterium acnes. Int J App Pharm. 2019;11(5):1-4. doi:10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s5.T0020
14. Ardhany SD, Putra CD, Novaryatiin S. Modification of Anti-acne Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine Bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) Cream to Propionibacterium Acnes. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2021;12(1):94-8. doi:10.4103/japtr.JAPTR_107_20
15. Ardhany SD, Effendie RR, Novaryatiin S. Uji Iritasi Formulasi Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) pada Kelinci Albino Putih. J Surya Medika. 2019;5(1):63-9. doi:10.33084/jsm.v5i1.946
16. Ardhany SDA, Novaryatiin S, Pratama MRF, Utar Z. Irritation Test of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine Bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) Extract Cream with Human Patch Test Method. J Farmasi Sains Praktis. 2021;7(1):74-80. doi:10.31603/pharmacy.v7i1.4854
17. Fox L, Csongradi C, Aucamp M, du Plessis J, Gerber M. Treatment Modalities for Acne. Molecules. 2016;21(8):1063. doi:10.3390/molecules21081063
18. Bamford E, Grahn A, Århammar C, Ajaxon I, Annerén C. Mesoporous magnesium carbonate for use in powder cosmetics. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2021;43(1):57-67. doi:10.1111/ics.12670
19. Gallo L, Ramírez-Rigo MV, Piña J, Palma S, Allemandi D, Bucalá V. Valeriana officinalis Dry Plant Extract for Direct Compression: Preparation and Characterization. Sci Pharm. 2012;80(4):1013-26. doi:10.3797/scipharm.1206-05
20. Inoue Y, Suzuki K, Maeda R, Shimura A, Murata I, Kanamoto I. Evaluation of formulation properties and skin penetration in the same additive-containing formulation. Results Pharma Sci. 2014;4:42-9. doi:10.1016/j.rinphs.2014.09.003
21. Dewi AP, Mardhiyani D. Formulation and Antibacterial Activity of Liquid Soap Containing Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) Leaves Extract. Borneo J Pharm. 2021;4(1):43-50. doi:10.33084/bjop.v4i1.1589
22. Marianni B, Polonini H, Oliveira MAL. Ensuring Homogeneity in Powder Mixtures for Pharmaceuticals and Dietary Supplements: Evaluation of a 3-Axis Mixing Equipment. Pharmaceutics. 2021;13(4):563. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13040563
23. Davis WW, Stout TR. Disc Plate Method of Microbiological Antibiotic Assay: I. Factors Influencing Variability and Error. Appl Microbiol. 1971;22(4):659-65. doi:10.1128/am.22.4.659-665.1971
24. Shahbazi Y. Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of Methanolic Extracts of Apple (Malus pumila), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and Common Fig (Ficus carica L.) Fruits. Pharm Sci. 2017;24(4):308-15. doi:10.15171/PS.2017.45
25. Ouchari L, Boukeskasse A, Bouizgarne B, Ouhdouch Y. Antimicrobial Potential of Actinomycetes Isolated from The Unexplored Hot Merzouga Desert and Their Taxonomic Diversity. Biol Open. 2019;8(2):bio035410. doi:10.1242/bio.035410
26. Pratama MRF, Aziz IR. Molecular Docking of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa) Secondary Metabolites as Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitor. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Science and Technology; 2019 May 2-3; Makassar, Indonesia. Ghent: EAI; 2019. doi:10.4108/eai.2-5-2019.2284686
27. Thawabteh A, Juma S, Bader M, Karaman D, Scrano L, Bufo SA, et al. The Biological Activity of Natural Alkaloids Against Herbivores, Cancerous Cells and Pathogens. Toxins. 2019;11(11):656. doi:10.3390/toxins11110656
28. Khameneh B, Iranshahy M, Soheili V, Bazzaz BSF. Review on Plant Antimicrobials: A Mechanistic Viewpoint. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2019;8:118. doi:10.1186/s13756-019-0559-6
29. Dong S, Yang X, Zhao L, Zhang F, Hou Z, Xue P. Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Action Saponins from Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Husks Against Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria. Ind Crop Prod. 2020;149:112350. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112350
30. Kurhekar JV. Tannins-Antimicrobial Chemical Components. Int J Technol Sci. 2016;9(3):5-9.
31. Maisetta G, Batoni G, Caboni P, Esin S, Rinaldi AC, Zucca P. Tannin Profile, Antioxidant Properties, and Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Two Mediterranean Species of Parasitic Plant Cytinus. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019;19:82. doi:10.1186/s12906-019-2487-7
32. Rasydy LOA, Supriyanta J, Novita D. Formulasi Ekstrak Etanol 96% Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle L.) dalam Bedak Tabur Anti Jerawat dan Uji Aktivitas Antiacne Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. J Farmagazine. 2019;6(2):18-26. doi:10.47653/farm.v6i2.142
33. Gupta M, Mahajan VK, Mehta KS, Chauhan PS. Zinc therapy in dermatology: a review. Dermatol Res Pract. 2014;2014:709152. doi:10.1155/2014/709152
34. Chaleshtori SAH, Kachoie MA, Jazi SMH. Antibacterial Effects of The Methanolic Extract of Glycine Max (Soybean). Microbiol Res. 2017;8(2):7319. doi: https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2017.7319
35. Dhayakaran R, Neethirajan S, Weng X.Investigation of The Antimicrobial Activity of Soy Peptides by Developing a High Throughput Drug Screening Assay. Biochem Biophys Rep. 2016;6:149-57. doi:10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.04.001
36. Yüksel AK, Dikici E, Yüksel M, Işık M, Tozoğlu F, Köksal E. Phytochemical, Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant, Anticholinergic and Antibacterial Properties of Epilobium angustifolium (Onagraceae). J Food Meas Charact. 2021;15(6):4858–67. doi:10.1007/s11694-021-01050-1
Authors
1.
Novaryatiin S, Amalia NR, Ardhany SD. Formulation of Anti Acne Loose Powder of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) Ethanol Extract. Borneo J Pharm [Internet]. 2022May31 [cited 2024Nov.21];5(2):153-60. Available from: https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bjop/article/view/3153
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors continue to retain the copyright to the article if the article is published in the Borneo Journal of Pharmacy. They will also retain the publishing rights to the article without any restrictions.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Any article on the copyright is retained by the author(s).
- The author grants the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share work with an acknowledgment of the work authors and initial publications in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of published articles (e.g., post-institutional repository) or publish them in a book, with acknowledgment of their initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their websites) prior to and during the submission process. This can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citations of published work.
- The article and any associated published material are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Article Details
