Etnomatematika Dayak Kalteng: Integrasi Pendekatan RME dan Visualisasi Batang Garing dalam Pembelajaran Pohon Faktor di SD Muhammadiyah Pahandut
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Abstract
mengalami kendala pemahaman abstraksi pada materi pohon faktor untuk menentukan Faktor Persekutuan Terbesar (FPB) dan Kelipatan Persekutuan Terkecil (KPK). Tujuan Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas penerapan pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) yang terintegrasi dengan kearifan lokal visualisasi Batang Garing (Pohon Kehidupan) khas Dayak Kalimantan Tengah dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual siswa. Metode penelitian menggunakan pra-eksperimen dengan desain one-group pretest-posttest ini melibatkan 26 siswa kelas V di SD Muhammadiyah Pahandut, Kota Palangka Raya. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen tes uraian pengerjaan pohon faktor, FPB, dan KPK. Analisis data kuantitatif dilakukan melalui statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial nonparametrik Uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada pemahaman konseptual siswa. Rerata skor siswa meningkat dari 1,00 (SD = 0,693) pada pra-uji (pretest) menjadi 1,69 (SD = 0,471) pada pasca-uji (posttest). Hasil Uji Wilcoxon menghasilkan nilai Z = -3,255 dengan Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) p = 0,001 (p < 0,05). Dari 26 responden, sebanyak 16 siswa mengalami peningkatan skor (positive ranks), 8 siswa bernilai tetap (ties), dan 2 siswa mengalami penurunan (negative ranks). Visualisasi struktur bercabang Batang Garing terbukti menjadi jembatan kognitif konkret yang efektif dalam memahami hirarki pemfaktoran bilangan. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan Integrasi kearifan lokal Batang Garing ke dalam alur pembelajaran RME di SD Muhammadiyah Pahandut secara signifikan memperkuat rekonstruksi konseptual pengerjaan pohon faktor, FPB, dan KPK sekaligus menumbuhkan apresiasi dan penguatan identitas budaya lokal siswa.
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